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Thin basement membrane disease is an autosomal dominant inherited disease characterized by thin glomerular basement membranes on electron microscopy. It is a benign condition that causes persistent microscopic hematuria. This also may cause proteinuria which is usually mild and overall prognosis is excellent. [citation needed]
Minimal change disease: A disease that causes unregulated activity of the immune system that damages the glomerulus, causing glomerulonephrosis. The disease is "minimal" because lesions of the glomerulus can only be seen through an electron microscope. [6] Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis: A disease in which scar tissue develops in the ...
Nephrotic syndrome has many causes and may either be the result of a glomerular disease that can be either limited to the kidney, called primary nephrotic syndrome (primary glomerulonephrosis), or a condition that affects the kidney and other parts of the body, called secondary nephrotic syndrome.
More specifically, different diseases (many of which are mentioned above in the Causes section) affect different segments of the glomerulus and cause disease-specific segments of the glomerulus to become inflamed. Most often, it is dependent on what part of the glomerulus is damaged by antibody-antigen complex (immune complex) deposition. [9]
What causes kidney disease? The most common causes of CKD are high blood pressure and diabetes, "which damage the small blood vessels and filtering units in the kidneys over time," says Nagata ...
Underlying causes for glomerular injury can be inflammatory, toxic or metabolic. [8] These can be seen in the urine ( urinalysis ) on microscopic and chemical (dipstick) examination. Glomerular diseases include diabetic kidney disease , glomerulonephritis (inflammation), glomerulosclerosis (hardening of the glomeruli), and IgA nephropathy .
Diabetic nephropathy, also known as diabetic kidney disease, [5] is the chronic loss of kidney function occurring in those with diabetes mellitus. Diabetic nephropathy is the leading causes of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) globally. The triad of protein leaking into the urine (proteinuria or albuminuria ...
Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) is a type of glomerulonephritis caused by deposits in the kidney glomerular mesangium and basement membrane thickening, [2] activating the complement system and damaging the glomeruli. MPGN accounts for approximately 4% of primary renal causes of nephrotic syndrome in children and 7% in adults. [3]