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Medical condition Subarachnoid hemorrhage Other names Subarachnoid haemorrhage CT scan of the brain showing subarachnoid hemorrhage as a white area in the center (marked by the arrow) and stretching into the sulci to either side Pronunciation / ˌ s ʌ b ə ˈ r æ k n ɔɪ d ˈ h ɛ m ər ɪ dʒ / Specialty Neurosurgery, Neurology Symptoms Severe headache of rapid onset, vomiting, decreased ...
Trauma is the most common cause of intracranial hemorrhage. It can cause epidural hemorrhage, subdural hemorrhage, and subarachnoid hemorrhage. Other condition such as hemorrhagic parenchymal contusion and cerebral microhemorrhages can also be caused by trauma. [3]
Subarachnoid haemorrhage occurs when blood leaks out of damaged vessels into the cerebrospinal fluid in the subarachnoid space around the brain. [2] The most common cause of a subarachnoid hemorrhage is an aneurysm rupture due to the weakened blood vessel walls and increased wall stress. [ 48 ]
subarachnoid hemorrhage or meningitis Kernig's sign is a test used in physical examination to look for evidence of irritation of the meninges . The test involves flexing the thighs at the hip, and the knees, at 90 degree angles, and assessing whether subsequent extension of the knee is painful (leading to resistance), in which case it is deemed ...
The underlying pathology originates in the brain and usually involves an intracranial hemorrhage, such as a subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), or several types of elevated intracranial pressure. The abrupt increase in intracranial pressure causes the condition, which is then communicated to the eyes through the optic nerve sheath.
Causes: Head injury, bleeding disorder, blood vessel malformation [1] Diagnostic method: Medical imaging (CT scan) [1] Differential diagnosis: Subdural hematoma, subarachnoid hemorrhage, traumatic brain injury, [1] transient ischemic attack seizure, intracranial abscess, brain tumor [3] Treatment: Surgery (craniotomy, burr hole) [1]
The Hunt and Hess scale, introduced in 1968, is one of the grading systems used to classify the severity of a subarachnoid hemorrhage based on the patient's clinical condition. It is used as a predictor of patient's prognosis/outcome, with a higher grade correlating to lower survival rate.
Central nervous system (CNS) disorders or conditions may cause SIADH in 9% of cases, this includes subarachnoid hemorrhage (56% of CNS causes), pituitary surgery (35% of CNS causes), brain cancer, infections, stroke and head trauma. [2] No cause of inappropriate antidiuresis is initially found in 17–60% of cases. [2]