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The 1959 Tibetan uprising (also known by other names) began on 10 March 1959, when a revolt erupted in Lhasa, the capital of Tibet, which had been under the effective control of the People's Republic of China (PRC) since the Seventeen Point Agreement was reached in 1951. [2]
The armed rebellion was quashed by the Chinese army, resulting in a violent crackdown on Tibetan independence movements, tens of thousands of Tibetan deaths, and the escape from China of the temporal and spiritual leader of Tibet, the 14th Dalai Lama, disguised as a soldier, on March 19, 1959. [6]
During the annual observance of both the 1959 Tibetan Uprising Day and the escape of the 14th Dalai Lama to India, monks from two different monasteries began marches into Lhasa on 10 March. Peaceful street protests and demonstrations grew, and were met by excessive force from Chinese police and military units on 14 March.
The Government of Tibet and the Tibetan social structure remained in place in the Tibetan polity under the authority of China until the 1959 Tibetan uprising, when the Dalai Lama fled into exile and after which the Government of Tibet and Tibetan social structures were dissolved. [16] [17]
After 1959, Tibetan resistance forces operated from Nepal. Around 2,000 rebels were based out of the semi-independent Kingdom of Mustang; many of them trained at Camp Hale near Leadville, Colorado, in the United States [38] Tibetan exiles claim that 430,000 died in total during the 1959 uprising and the subsequent 15 years of guerrilla warfare ...
Following a mass uprising in Lhasa in 1959 during the celebration of the Tibetan New Year and the ensuing Chinese military response, the Dalai Lama went into exile in India.The Dalai Lama's escape was assisted by the CIA. After 1959, the CIA trained Tibetan guerrillas and provided funds and weapons for the fight against China.
On the same day in March 1959, Tibet also declared its independence from China during the 1959 Tibetan uprising, which was directly triggered on March 9 by a widespread concern for the Dalai Lama's safety, [22] before he escaped from Lhasa and arrived in India on March 19.
The Tibetan people were worried that the Dalai Lama would be abducted by the Chinese, as this invitation was very clearly a thinly veiled trap. As a response “violent anti-Chinese demonstrations occurred throughout the city”. This was one of the sparks that incited the 1959 Tibetan uprising. Since they had feared he risked kidnapping, they ...