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Collective memory has been conceptualized in several ways and proposed to have certain attributes. For instance, collective memory can refer to a shared body of knowledge (e.g., memory of a nation's past leaders or presidents); [6] [7] [8] the image, narrative, values and ideas of a social group; or the continuous process by which collective memories of events change.
An individual's understanding of the past is strongly linked to this group consciousness because every person can contribute a different memory or perspective to the collective group memory. Group memory is also different for every group that experiences a certain event, therefore "every group has its own collective memory and that collective ...
Olick's work has played a major role in reviving the concept of "collective memory."[1] As Olick and his colleagues have documented, [2] the concept has a long history, but is most commonly traced back to Maurice Halbwachs, a student of Émile Durkheim.
Cultural memory is a form of collective memory shared by a group of people who share a culture. [1] The theory posits that memory is not just an individual, private experience but also part of the collective domain, which both shapes the future and our understanding of the past.
National memory is a form of collective memory defined by shared experiences and culture. It is an integral part to national identity . It represents one specific form of cultural memory , which makes an essential contribution to national group cohesion .
Communication between human beings propels the evolution of a culture, he argues, but language also carries the histories, values, and aesthetics of a culture along with it. As he puts it, "Language as culture is the collective memory bank of a people's experience in history.
According to Bert Klandermans, the "social construction of collective action frames" involves "public discourse, that is, the interface of media discourse and interpersonal interaction; persuasive communication during mobilization campaigns by movement organizations, their opponents and countermovement organizations; and consciousness raising ...
Accordingly, the following issues are encompassed within Schwartz's academic focus: the extent of collective memory's variation between and within generations; memory as an antidote to distorted history; reality as a limit to constructed memories; memory as a source of unity and conflict; the continuity of memory in the face of social change ...