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Levetiracetam, sold under the brand name Keppra among others, is a novel antiepileptic drug [7] used to treat epilepsy. [8] It is used for partial-onset , myoclonic , or tonic–clonic seizures, [ 7 ] and is taken either by mouth as an immediate or extended release formulation or by injection into a vein .
Anticonvulsant racetams, including levetiracetam, brivaracetam, and seletracetam, act as synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A (SV2A) ligands. [6] A newer analogue of these agents, padsevonil , is no longer a racetam itself but is much more potent in comparison and interacts with not only SV2A but also synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2B (SV2B) and ...
Brivaracetam is believed to act by binding to the ubiquitous synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A (SV2A), like levetiracetam, but with 20-fold greater affinity. [15] [16] There is some evidence that racetams including levetiracetam and brivaracetam access the luminal side of recycling synaptic vesicles during vesicular endocytosis.
Researchers found this new drug — which is an extended release form of the epilepsy medication levetiracetam — helped slow brain atrophy progression in people with mild cognitive impairment ...
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Seletracetam (UCB 44212) is a pyrrolidone-derived [2] drug of the racetam family that is structurally related to levetiracetam (trade name Keppra). [2] [3] It was under development by UCB Pharmaceuticals as a more potent and effective anticonvulsant drug to replace levetiracetam but its development has been halted.
It has also been used in alcohol dependence and essential tremor. [9] For epilepsy this includes treatment for generalized or focal seizures. [10] It is taken orally (by mouth). [9] Common side effects include tingling, feeling tired, loss of appetite, abdominal pain, weight loss, [11] and decreased cognitive function such as trouble concentrating.
Piracetam is a drug that has efficacy in cognitive disorders, vertigo, cortical myoclonus, dyslexia, and sickle cell anemia; sources differ on its usefulness for dementia. [3] [4] [5] Piracetam is sold as a medication in many European countries.
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