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The end of Chequamegon Bay is known as the site of the first dwelling in present-day Wisconsin to have been occupied by European men. Two French fur traders , Médard des Groseilliers and Pierre-Esprit Radisson , built a hut somewhere on the west shore of the bay, probably in 1658.
Swimming is a less frequent activity because of the low water temperatures, although the beaches are a popular destination during the summer. The surface water temperature in the sheltered bay can rise to 70 °F (21 °C) while the water just off shore might remain at 50 °F (10 °C). [citation needed]
Of its area, 42,308 acres is land and 27,232 acres is water, extending 1/4 mile from the 155 miles of shoreline. [5] Madeline Island , with commercial establishments of the town of La Pointe , is the only one of the Apostle Islands not included in the national lakeshore, although a portion of the island is protected as Big Bay State Park .
The Apostle Islands are a group of 22 islands in Lake Superior, off the Bayfield Peninsula in northern Wisconsin. [1] The majority of the islands are located in Ashland County—only Sand, York, Eagle, and Raspberry Islands are located in Bayfield County.
The climate is largely affected by Lake Superior. Low temperatures during the cold winter months tend to average slightly above 0 °F (−18 °C). High temperatures during the cold winter months average above 20 °F (−7 °C). Average low temperatures during the summer months are near 50 and 55 °F (10 and 13 °C).
Located in Chequamegon Bay of Lake Superior, it is owned and managed by the National Park Service, and is a part of the Apostle Islands National Lakeshore. [8] It sits at the end of a long and detached breakwater , which creates an artificial harbor.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.87 square miles (2.25 km 2), of which, 0.86 square miles (2.23 km 2) is land and 0.01 square miles (0.03 km 2) is water. [13] Bayfield is the main gateway to the Apostle Islands National Lakeshore, a group of 21 islands in Lake Superior.
In 1978 it was reported that waves in the Porte des Morts passage can exceed those in Green Bay or Lake Michigan by up to 0.6 meters (two feet). [19] Water conditions begin to deteriorate in August and are worst in October and November, when lakewide wave heights of 5 to 10 feet are encountered about 35 percent of the time.