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Systematic desensitization, or graduated exposure therapy, is a behavior therapy developed by the psychiatrist Joseph Wolpe. It is used when a phobia or anxiety disorder is maintained by classical conditioning. It shares the same elements of both cognitive-behavioral therapy and applied behavior analysis.
Flooding, sometimes referred to as in vivo exposure therapy, is a form of behavior therapy and desensitization – or exposure therapy – based on the principles of respondent conditioning. As a psychotherapeutic technique, it is used to treat phobia and anxiety disorders including post-traumatic stress disorder.
Psychological behaviorism provides the framework for an approach to clinical treatment of behavior disorders, as shown in the field of behavior analysis. [ 8 ] [ 28 ] [ 31 ] [ 32 ] [ 33 ] PB theory also indicates how behavior disorders can be prevented by preventing the abnormal learning conditions that produce them.
Desensitization is commonly used with simple phobias like insect phobia. [ 23 ] [ 24 ] In addition, desensitization therapy is a useful tool in training domesticated dogs. [ 25 ] Systematic desensitization used in conjunction with counter-conditioning was shown to reduce problem behaviours in dogs, such as vocalization and property destruction.
Behaviorism is a systematic approach to understand the behavior of humans and other animals. [1] [2] It assumes that behavior is either a reflex elicited by the pairing of certain antecedent stimuli in the environment, or a consequence of that individual's history, including especially reinforcement and punishment contingencies, together with the individual's current motivational state and ...
Behavioral activation system (BAS) Proposed to facilitate reactions to all appetitive/rewarding stimuli and regulates approach behavior. [26] Behavioral inhibition system (BIS) Proposed to mediate conflict both within and between FFFS and BAS: FFFS (avoidance) and BAS (approach) (or BAS-BAS, FFFS-FFFS). These conflicts underlie anxiety. [26]
Also, systematic desensitisation can be used, especially where phobias are involved by using the phobia that currently causes the dysfunctional behaviour and coupling it with a phobia that produces a more intense reaction. This is meant to make the first phobia seem less fearsome etc. as it has been put in comparison with the second phobia.
This approach remains a vital area of clinical psychology and is often termed clinical behavior analysis. Behavioral psychotherapy has become increasingly contextual in recent years. [ 23 ] Behavioral psychotherapy has developed greater interest in recent years in personality disorders [ 24 ] as well as a greater focus on acceptance [ 25 ] and ...