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The Judicial Procedures Reform Bill of 1937, [1] frequently called the "court-packing plan", [2] was a legislative initiative proposed by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt to add more justices to the U.S. Supreme Court in order to obtain favorable rulings regarding New Deal legislation that the Court had ruled unconstitutional. [3]
In U.S. Supreme Court history, "The switch in time that saved nine" is the phrase—originally a quip by humorist Cal Tinney [1] —about what was perceived in 1937 as the sudden jurisprudential shift by Associate Justice Owen Roberts in the 1937 case West Coast Hotel Co. v. Parrish. [2]
The National Committee to Uphold Constitutional Government (NCUCG), also known as the Committee for Constitutional Government (CCG), [1] was founded in 1937 in opposition to Franklin D. Roosevelt's Court Packing Bill. The Committee opposed most, if not all, of the New Deal legislation.
The 1937 State of the Union Address was delivered by President Franklin D. Roosevelt on January 6, 1937, marking his fourth address to Congress.The speech was delivered shortly after Roosevelt's reelection and was the first time in U.S. history that a president addressed a newly elected Congress at the end of a term, rather than at the beginning.
Since President Roosevelt's plan to appoint several new justices as part of his "Court-packing" plan of 1937 coincided with the Court's favorable decision in Parrish, many people called Roberts's vote in that case "The switch in time that saved nine," although Roberts's vote in Parrish occurred several months before announcement of the Court ...
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That court submitted certified questions to the Supreme Court, ... The Court-packing Crisis of 1937. New York, NY: Fordham University Press.
On July 2, 1937, Robinson was the leading advocate for Roosevelt's court-packing bill when it was being debated. On July 12, he left the Senate chamber complaining of chest pains. Two days later, Robinson died of heart failure. Two days after Robinson's sudden death, colleagues, friends, and family attended his funeral in the Senate chamber.