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Chlorinated brake cleaners (often sold as non-flammable) [2] use organochlorides like tetrachloroethylene and dichloromethane. [3] [4] Historically 1,1,1-Trichloroethane was used, sometimes together with Tetrachloroethylene. It was phased out because of its ozone-depleting nature. [5]
Trichloroethylene (TCE) is a halocarbon with the formula C 2 HCl 3, commonly used as an industrial metal degreasing solvent. It is a clear, colourless, non-flammable, volatile liquid with a chloroform-like pleasant mild smell [3] and sweet taste. [9] Its IUPAC name is trichloroethene. Trichloroethylene has been sold under a variety of trade names.
Tetrachloroethylene is an excellent nonpolar solvent for organic materials. Additionally, it is volatile, highly stable (easily recycled) and nonflammable, and has low toxicity. For these reasons, it has been widely used in dry cleaning worldwide since the 1930s.
At the time, flammable solvents were used in dry cleaning, which meant that garments would be left by the customer in-store, sent to a separate production facility to be cleaned and pressed, before returning to store for collection several days later. The discovery of the non-flammable solvent and its subsequent adoption revolutionized the dry ...
Pentachloroethane has limited uses as a solvent for oils and grease (especially in metal cleaning), in soil sterilisation, to remove impurities in coal and as a desiccant agent for wood. It was formerly used as a dry-cleaning solvent for a short time. It is rarely used since there are safer and more economical alternatives such as ...
Stoddard solvent is a specific mixture of hydrocarbons, typically over 65% C 10 or higher hydrocarbons, [4] developed in 1924 by Atlanta dry cleaner W. J. Stoddard and Lloyd E. Jackson of the Mellon Institute of Industrial Research as a less flammable petroleum-based dry cleaning solvent than the petroleum solvents then in use.
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