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JPEG 2000 (JP2) is an image compression standard and coding system. It was developed from 1997 to 2000 by a Joint Photographic Experts Group committee chaired by Touradj Ebrahimi (later the JPEG president), [1] with the intention of superseding their original JPEG standard (created in 1992), which is based on a discrete cosine transform (DCT), with a newly designed, wavelet-based method.
JPEG 2000 includes a lossless mode based on a special integer wavelet filter (biorthogonal 3/5). JPEG 2000's lossless mode runs more slowly and has often worse compression ratios than JPEG LS on artificial and compound images [12] [13] but fares better than the UBC implementation of JPEG LS on digital camera pictures. [14]
JPEG: Lossy (and partly lossless), DCT, RLE, and Huffman predictive nearest neighbor Raster 8 bpc No No Yes Yes No No No Yes No No (see unofficial JPEG-HDR) Yes JPEG 2000: Lossy and lossless Raster 38 bpc No Yes Yes Yes No No No Yes — No Yes JPEG XL: Lossy and lossless (VarDCT mode, Modular mode) Raster 32 bpc Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes ...
FLIF (Free Lossless Image Format) — a discontinued lossless image format which claims to outperform PNG, lossless WebP, lossless BPG and lossless JPEG 2000 in terms of compression ratio. It uses the MANIAC (Meta-Adaptive Near-zero Integer Arithmetic Coding) entropy encoding algorithm, a variant of the CABAC (context-adaptive binary arithmetic ...
Free Lossless Image Format (FLIF) is a lossless image format claiming to outperform PNG, lossless WebP, lossless BPG and lossless JPEG 2000 in terms of compression ratio on a variety of inputs. [ 4 ]
OpenJPEG is an open-source library to encode and decode JPEG 2000 images. As of version 2.1 released in April 2014, it is officially conformant with the JPEG 2000 Part-1 standard. [ 3 ] It was subsequently adopted by ImageMagick instead of JasPer in 6.8.8-2 [ 4 ] and approved as new reference software for this standard in July 2015. [ 5 ]
JPEG XS favors visually lossless quality in combination with low latency and low complexity, over date reduction through compression. It is not a direct competitor to alternative image codecs like JPEG 2000 and JPEG XL or video codecs like AV1, AVC/H.264 and HEVC/H.265 which tend to focus on compression efficiency. Other important features are:
It has some design commonalities with ICER and JPEG 2000 that use similar wavelet coding schemes. The transform (DWT) can be computed using either floating-point or integer arithmetic. The integer transform uses non-linear approximation of the 9/7 wavelet and it is used in the lossless coding scheme.