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The duchy's historic power and influence under the Gonzaga family made it one of the main artistic, cultural, and especially musical hubs of Northern Italy and the country as a whole. Mantua also had one of the most splendid courts of Italy and Europe in the fifteenth, sixteenth, and early seventeenth centuries. [3]
From 1628 to 1631, a succession war was fought between the Duke of Guastalla, supported by the Holy Roman Empire, and the Duke of Nevers, supported by France, for the control of the Duchy of Mantua. Finally, the Duke of Nevers was recognized as only Duke. In 1708, Mantua was seized by the Habsburgs, ending Gonzaga rule.
The Marquisate or Margraviate of Mantua (Italian: Marchesato di Mantova) was a margraviate centered around the city of Mantua in Lombardy. Ruled by the Gonzaga family from its founding in 1433, it would later be raised to the rank of Duchy in 1530.
The House of Gonzaga (US: / ɡ ə n ˈ z ɑː ɡ ə, ɡ ɒ n-,-ˈ z æ ɡ-/, [2] Italian: [ɡonˈdzaːɡa]) is an Italian princely family that ruled Mantua in Lombardy, northern Italy from 1328 to 1708 (first as a captaincy-general, then margraviate, and finally duchy).
The original can be viewed here: Coat of arms of the House of Gonzaga (1575).svg: . Original upload log This image is a derivative work of the following images:
Arms of Oscar Luigi Scalfaro, President of Italy, 1992–1999 Ancestral arms: Party per fess Azure and Or, in honour point an arm armoured Or, holding a sword pommeled and bladed Argent in the base a book Argent, pages Gules, surrounded by sprig of Olive plant Vert, fructed Sable on a chief checky Argent and Gules.
In 1786, ten years before Napoleon Bonaparte's campaign in Italy, the Austrian Duchy of Mantua briefly united with the Duchy of Milan until 1791. On 4 June 1796 during the War of the First Coalition, Mantua was besieged by Napoleon Bonaparte's French army. The first Austrian attempt to break the siege was successful and the siege was abandoned ...
Since 1308, the Duchy of Mantua had been ruled by the House of Gonzaga, who also acquired the Duchy of Montferrat in 1574 by marriage. Both territories were part of the Holy Roman Empire and were also of strategic importance to the area known as Lombardy, dominated by the Spanish-governed Duchy of Milan.