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A tunnel boring machine (TBM), also known as a "mole" or a "worm", is a machine used to excavate tunnels. Tunnels are excavated through hard rock, wet or dry soil, or sand, each of which requires specialized technology. Tunnel boring machines are an alternative to drilling and blasting (D&B) methods and "hand mining".
Freighter Fairpartner carrying the disassembled tunnel boring machine into the Port of Seattle in April 2013. Bertha was designed and manufactured by Hitachi Zosen Sakai Works of Osaka, Japan, and was the world's largest earth pressure balance tunnel boring machine, [14] at a cutterhead diameter of 57.5 feet (17.5 m) across.
The boring machine in June 2019. The first boring machine used by TBC was Godot, a conventional tunnel boring machine (TBM) made by Lovat. [21] [22] TBC then designed their own line of machines called Prufrock. [23] Prufrock 1 was unveiled in 2020, and was used mostly for testing.
In May 2020, workers on the Brenner Base Tunnel reportedly set a new record for hard rock tunnel, boring a distance of 61 meters and 4 centimeters within 24 hours, a feat that was achieved using a Herrenknecht TBM. [19] During 2021, the UK's largest TBM was delivered by Herrnknecht for the boring of the Silvertown Tunnel. [20]
Tunnel boring machine to excavate a Double-O-Tube Double-O tube tunnel example. In Japan there are several innovative approaches to shield tunnelling, e.g. the Double-O-Tube or DOT-tunnel. This tunnel looks like two overlapping circles. There are also shields with computerized arms which can be used to dig a tunnel in virtually any shape. [4]
Tunnel boring machine $2.1 billion megaproject [14] 2019– King County Ship Canal Water Quality Project 21.67 ft (6.61 m) and 8 ft (2.4 m) 2.7 mi (4.3 km) Largest tunnel boring machine named "Mudhoney" to construct combined sewer outflow storage tunnel under EPA consent decree. Two smaller machines for conveyance tunnels. [15] [16]
The Tuen Mun - Chek Lap Kok TBM otherwise known as Qin Liangyu or more formally, the Mixshield S-880 was the world's largest tunnel boring machine launched in June 2015 by Herrenknecht in Germany. [1] [2] The TBM was used to drill a 5 km tunnel connecting Tuen Mun to the Hong Kong International Airport, part of the Tuen Mun–Chek Lap Kok Link ...
The Martina tunnel boring machine (officially named as the S-574. [1]) is a hard rock tunnel boring machine built by Herrenknecht AG.It is the largest hard rock tunnel boring machine in the world and has been used for drilling the Sparvo Tunnel, a part of the larger Variante di Valico project in Italy.