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The New York Stock Exchange (headquarters pictured) is the major center for listing and trading shares in United States. Most corporations are, however, incorporated under the influential Delaware General Corporation Law. United States corporate law regulates the governance, finance and power of corporations in US law.
Corporate tax is imposed in the United States at the federal, most state, and some local levels on the income of entities treated for tax purposes as corporations. Since January 1, 2018, the nominal federal corporate tax rate in the United States of America is a flat 21% following the passage of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017. State and ...
An S corporation (or S Corp), for United States federal income tax, is a closely held corporation (or, in some cases, a limited liability company (LLC) or a partnership) that makes a valid election to be taxed under Subchapter S of Chapter 1 of the Internal Revenue Code. [1] In general, S corporations do not pay any income taxes.
Corporations can be "dissolved" either by statutory operation, the order of the court, or voluntary action on the part of shareholders. Insolvency may result in a form of corporate failure, when creditors force the liquidation and dissolution of the corporation under court order, [39] but it most often results in a restructuring of corporate ...
The United States has historically provided a dividends received deduction to corporations with respect to dividends from other corporations in which the recipient owns more than 10% of the shares. For tax years 2004–2010, the United States also has imposed a reduced rate of taxation on dividends received by individuals. [60]
The United States federal government chartered and owned corporations operate to provide public services. Unlike government agencies such as the Environmental Protection Agency, the Bureau of Indian Affairs, or independent commissions, such as the Federal Communications Commission, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, and others, they have a separate legal personality from the federal government.
Delaware acquired its status as a corporate haven in the early 20th century. Following the example of New Jersey, which enacted corporate-friendly laws at the end of the 19th century to attract businesses [5] from New York, Delaware adopted on March 10, 1899, a general incorporation act aimed at attracting more businesses.
For United States income tax purposes, a business entity may elect to be treated either as a corporation or as other than a corporation. [1] This entity classification election is made by filing Internal Revenue Service Form 8832. Absent filing the form, a default classification applies.