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While all Islamic schools and branches of Islam recognise the Qur'an, they differ in which other authorities they acknowledge; in particular the question of the Succession to Muhammad separates the Sunni, who acknowledge the elected Rashidun Caliphs and their descendants, from the Shia, who acknowledge the Imams or descendants of Muhammad; these two branches are then subdivided by their views ...
Under Shaltut, Sunni-Shia ecumenical activities would reach their zenith. [1] The fatwa is the fruit of a decade-long collaborative effort between a group of Sunni and Shia scholars at the Dar al-Taqreeb al-Madhahib al-Islamiyyah ("center for bringing together the various Islamic schools of thought") theological center at Al-Azhar University in ...
On July 6, 1959, Egypt's Sheikh Shaltout issued the al-Azhar Shia fatwa opining that: "The Jafari fiqh of the Shi'a is a school of thought that is religiously correct to follow in worship as are other Sunni schools of thought." [citation needed] 1974 fatwa on the Ahmadiyyah community
Shia Islam has a long pedigree in Egypt. The Isma'ili Fatimids came to power in 969 AD in Egypt; they established a new capital called Cairo as the seat of the Fatimid dynasty. Fatimids ruled Egypt for 200 years (969 -1171) and shaped its identity. They also established Al-Azhar University in 970 AD in Cairo. It was originally founded as a ...
According to this doctrine, every Muslim is supposed to choose and follow a high-ranking living mujtahid bearing the title of marja' al-taqlid, whose fatwas are considered binding, unlike fatwas in Sunni Islam. Thus, in contrast to Sunni muftis, Shia mujtahids gradually achieved increasing independence from the state. [5]
While almost all of Egypt's Muslims are Sunni, [38] there are a small number of Shia. (Estimates of their number range from 800,000 [ 39 ] to "at most" three million. [ 40 ] [ 41 ] ) The Syrian civil war has brought on an increase in anti-Shia rhetoric by Sunnis, [ 42 ] [ 43 ] harassment and arrest, [ 44 ] and in at least one case bloodshed.
[12] [13] The online publication of Al-Habib's speech about Aisha, especially a video posted on YouTube, provoked anger among Sunni Muslims, who view Aisha as one of the most revered religious figures, and led to protests and reactions in the Muslim countries.
Since it was first established, Egypt's Dar al-Ifta has been the premier institute to represent Islam and the international flagship for Islamic legal research. It fulfills its historic and civil role by keeping contemporary Muslim in touch with religious principles, clarifying the right way, removing doubts concerning religious and worldly ...