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In Freudian psychology, externalization (or externalisation) is a defense mechanism by which an individual projects their own internal characteristics onto the outside world, particularly onto other people. [1] For example, a patient who is overly argumentative might instead perceive others as argumentative and themselves as blameless.
Another important criterion in externalist theory is to which aspect of the mind is addressed. Some externalists focus on cognitive aspects of the mind – such as Andy Clark and David Chalmers , [ 2 ] Shaun Gallagher [ 3 ] and many others [ 4 ] – while others engage either the phenomenal aspect of the mind or the conscious mind itself.
Social axioms act as a practical guide to human conduct in everyday life. They function in at least four ways. "They facilitate the attainment of important goals (instrumental), help people protect their self-worth (ego-defensive), serve as a manifestation of people's values (value-expressive), and help people understand the world (knowledge)."
A negative externality (also called "external cost" or "external diseconomy") is an economic activity that imposes a negative effect on an unrelated third party, not captured by the market price. It can arise either during the production or the consumption of a good or service.
In social psychology, shattered assumptions theory proposes that experiencing traumatic events can change how victims and survivors view themselves and the world. . Specifically, the theory – published by Ronnie Janoff-Bulman in 1992 – concerns the effect that negative events have on three inherent assumptions: overall benevolence of the world, meaningfulness of the world, and se
Bela Karolyi was a man whose influence on my life and the sport of elite gymnastics is undeniably significant. He was a complex individual, embodying a mix of strengths and flaws that left a ...
Multiple players and staff members were reportedly wondering why no timeout was called. It clearly wasn't just another loss for the 4-8 team. “Guys were furious,” a staff member said.
The Seven Habits of Highly Effective Teens is a 1998 bestselling self-help book written by Sean Covey, [1] the son of Stephen Covey. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The book was published on October 9, 1998 through Touchstone Books and is largely based on The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People . [ 4 ]