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Thus, the state tax law of 1920 supplied for equalization payments among the states which ensured that no state would have less than 80% of the average state tax revenue. Sections 106 and 107 of the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Germany supply for the distribution of tax revenues (horizontal and vertical equalization).
General; Tax avoidance. Repatriation tax avoidance; Tax evasion; Tax resistance; Tax shelter; Debtors' prison; Smuggling; Black market; Unreported employment; Corporate
The California State Board of Equalization (BOE) is a public agency charged with tax administration and fee collection in the state of California in the United States.The authorities of the Board attempt to ensure that counties fairly assess property taxes, collect excises taxes on alcoholic beverages, administer the insurance tax program, and other tax collection related activities.
State tax changes could mean bigger refunds for some this year. Denitsa Tsekova. February 23, 2021 at 4:03 PM. Numerous U.S. states made favorable tax changes for the 2020 tax year, meaning some ...
Michigan’s flat state income tax rate rose for 2024 to 4.25%, and the law surrounding the state’s pension deduction also changed, as part of a phaseout of the state’s three-tier retirement ...
General; Tax avoidance. Repatriation tax avoidance; Tax evasion; Tax resistance; Tax shelter; Debtors' prison; Smuggling; Black market; Unreported employment; Corporate
Factor price equalization is an economic theory, by Paul A. Samuelson (1948), which states that the prices of identical factors of production, such as the wage rate or the rent of capital, will be equalized across countries as a result of international trade in commodities. The theorem assumes that there are two goods and two factors of ...
State prices may relatedly be applied in derivatives pricing and hedging: a contract whose settlement value is a function of an underlying asset whose value is uncertain at contract date, can be decomposed as a linear combination of its Arrow–Debreu securities, and thus as a weighted sum of its state prices; [3] [4] see Contingent claim analysis.