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Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA; conjugate base perfluorooctanoate; also known colloquially as C8, for its 8-carbon chain structure) is a perfluorinated carboxylic acid produced and used worldwide as an industrial surfactant in chemical processes and as a material feedstock.
Examples include PFOA and PFOS, frequently present in water-resistant textiles and sprays conferring water-resistant properties to textiles and fire-fighting foam. [3] Data from animal studies of PFOA indicate that it can cause several types of tumors and neonatal death and may have toxic effects on the immune, liver, and endocrine systems.
Skeletal structure of PFOS, an effective, persistent and bioaccumulative fluorosurfactant A physical sample of PFOA, appearing as a white solid as seen here in a relatively pure form. It is commonly referred to as the main harmful PFAS chemical and PFOA is responsible for many of the negative health effects commonly associated with PFAS.
Wyre Council said ICI, and subsequent site owner AGC Chemicals, were permitted to use PFOA from the 1950s to 2012. The substance was used in everyday items like non-stick pans and waterproof clothing.
PFOA persists indefinitely in the environment. It is a toxicant and carcinogen in animals. PFOA has been detected in the blood of more than 98% of the general US population in the low and sub-parts per billion (ppb) range, and levels are higher in chemical plant employees and surrounding subpopulations.
Trifluoroacetic acid is a widely employed acid, used for example in the synthesis of peptides.Its esters are useful in analytical chemistry. Longer-chain perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids, e.g. with five to nine carbons, are useful fluorosurfactants and emulsifiers used in the production of polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon) and related fluoropolymers.
However, in a December 2005 deal with the USEPA over alleged withholdings, DuPont agreed to test nine of its fluorotelomer-based products' potential to break down into PFOA by 27 December 2008. [17] Yet, in late December 2008, the USEPA and DuPont filed a joint motion stating that DuPont needed additional time [17] to purify the products. [7]
The New York man argues he had an unspecified, independent third party test Simply Tropical juice drink revealing the product had high levels of certain PFAs that have been “indisputably linked ...