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  2. Glossary of mathematical jargon - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_mathematical...

    A function (which in mathematics is generally defined as mapping the elements of one set A to elements of another B) is called "A onto B" (instead of "A to B" or "A into B") only if it is surjective; it may even be said that "f is onto" (i. e. surjective). Not translatable (without circumlocutions) to some languages other than English.

  3. Glossary of areas of mathematics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_areas_of...

    Also called infinitesimal calculus A foundation of calculus, first developed in the 17th century, that makes use of infinitesimal numbers. Calculus of moving surfaces an extension of the theory of tensor calculus to include deforming manifolds. Calculus of variations the field dedicated to maximizing or minimizing functionals. It used to be called functional calculus. Catastrophe theory a ...

  4. Glossary of mathematical symbols - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_mathematical...

    3. Between two groups, may mean that the first one is a proper subgroup of the second one. > (greater-than sign) 1. Strict inequality between two numbers; means and is read as "greater than". 2. Commonly used for denoting any strict order. 3. Between two groups, may mean that the second one is a proper subgroup of the first one. ≤ 1.

  5. Delta (letter) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delta_(letter)

    The lowercase letter δ (or 𝛿) can be used to denote: A change in the value of a variable in calculus; A functional derivative in functional calculus; The (ε, δ)-definition of limits, in mathematics and more specifically in calculus; The Kronecker delta in mathematics; The degree of a vertex (graph theory) The Dirac delta function in ...

  6. Mathematical notation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematical_notation

    Letters are typically used for naming—in mathematical jargon, one says representing—mathematical objects. The Latin and Greek alphabets are used extensively, but a few letters of other alphabets are also used sporadically, such as the Hebrew ⁠ ⁠, Cyrillic Ш, and Hiragana よ. Uppercase and lowercase letters are considered as different ...

  7. Greek letters used in mathematics, science, and engineering

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_letters_used_in...

    Note: The empty set symbol ∅ looks similar, but is unrelated to the Greek letter. or represents: the golden ratio 1.618... in mathematics, art, and architecture; Euler's totient function in number theory; the argument of a complex number in mathematics; the value of a plane angle in physics and mathematics

  8. Lists of mathematics topics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lists_of_mathematics_topics

    German mathematician Carl Friedrich Gauss said, "Mathematics is the queen of the sciences—and number theory is the queen of mathematics." Number theory also studies the natural, or whole, numbers. One of the central concepts in number theory is that of the prime number , and there are many questions about primes that appear simple but whose ...

  9. Glossary of set theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_set_theory

    1. The difference of two sets: x~y is the set of elements of x not in y. 2. An equivalence relation \ The difference of two sets: x\y is the set of elements of x not in y. − The difference of two sets: x−y is the set of elements of x not in y. ≈ Has the same cardinality as × A product of sets / A quotient of a set by an equivalence ...