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  2. DNA and RNA codon tables - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_and_RNA_codon_tables

    [3] [8] [9] In rare instances, start codons in the standard code may also include GUG or UUG; these codons normally represent valine and leucine, respectively, but as start codons they are translated as methionine or formylmethionine. [3] [9] The second codon position best determines amino acid hydrophobicity.

  3. Valine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valine

    Valine (symbol Val or V) [4] is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins. It contains an α-amino group (which is in the protonated −NH 3 + form under biological conditions), an α-carboxylic acid group (which is in the deprotonated −COO − form under biological conditions), and a side chain isopropyl group, making it a non-polar aliphatic amino acid.

  4. List of genetic codes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_genetic_codes

    The translation table list below follows the numbering and designation by NCBI. [2] Four novel alternative genetic codes were discovered in bacterial genomes by Shulgina and Eddy using their codon assignment software Codetta, and validated by analysis of tRNA anticodons and identity elements; [ 3 ] these codes are not currently adopted at NCBI ...

  5. Genetic code - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_code

    The codons specify which amino acid will be added next during protein biosynthesis. With some exceptions, [ 1 ] a three-nucleotide codon in a nucleic acid sequence specifies a single amino acid. The vast majority of genes are encoded with a single scheme (see the RNA codon table ).

  6. Template:Codon table - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Codon_table

    The two other start codons listed by table 1 (GTG and TTG) are rare in eukaryotes. [3] Prokaryotes have less strigent start codon requirements; they are described by NCBI table 11 . B ^ ^ ^ The historical basis for designating the stop codons as amber, ochre and opal is described in an autobiography by Sydney Brenner [ 4 ] and in a historical ...

  7. Amino acid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amino_acid

    The 20 amino acids that are encoded directly by the codons of the universal genetic code are called standard or canonical amino acids. A modified form of methionine ( N -formylmethionine ) is often incorporated in place of methionine as the initial amino acid of proteins in bacteria, mitochondria and plastids (including chloroplasts).

  8. Moore and Fears combine for 50 points as Oklahoma tops ... - AOL

    www.aol.com/moore-fears-combine-50-points...

    Freshman Jeremiah Fears scored a season-high 26 points, Jalon Moore added 24 and Oklahoma held off No. Arizona 82-77 on Thursday in the semifinals of the Battle 4 Atlantis. Duke Miles made a high ...

  9. Proteinogenic amino acid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proteinogenic_amino_acid

    The essential amino acids are histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine (i.e. H, I, L, K, M, F, T, W, V). [ 3 ] The proteinogenic amino acids have been found to be related to the set of amino acids that can be recognized by ribozyme autoaminoacylation systems. [ 4 ]