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Ovarian diseases can be classified as endocrine disorders or as a disorders of the reproductive system. [medical citation needed] If the egg fails to release from the follicle in the ovary an ovarian cyst may form. Small ovarian cysts are common in healthy women.
An ovarian follicle is a roughly spheroid cellular aggregation set found in the ovaries. It secretes hormones that influence stages of the menstrual cycle . At the time of puberty , women have approximately 200,000 to 300,000 follicles, [ 1 ] [ 2 ] each with the potential to release an egg cell (ovum) at ovulation for fertilization . [ 3 ]
Labeled anatomy of the human vulva and nearby structures. The vulva is of all of the external parts and tissues and includes the following: [3] Clitoris: an organ located at the top of the vulva. It consists of the body and its pea-shaped glans that is protected by the clitoral hood.
The ovarian fossa is a shallow depression on the lateral wall of the pelvis, where in the ovary lies. This ovarian fossa has the following boundaries: anteriorly : by the external iliac artery and vein; inferiorly : by the broad ligament of the uterus; posteriorly: by the ureter, internal iliac artery and vein
The ovarian cortex is the outer portion of the ovary. The ovarian follicles are located within the ovarian cortex. The ovarian cortex is made up of connective tissue. [1] Ovarian cortex tissue transplant has been performed to treat infertility. [2] [3]
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A depiction of the ovarian cycle in animals. In human adult females, the primordial follicle is composed of a single oocyte surrounded by a layer of closely associated granulosa cells. In early stages of the ovarian cycle, the developing follicle acquires a layer of connective tissue and associated blood vessels. This covering is called the theca.
The ovarian surface epithelium, also called the germinal epithelium of Waldeyer, [1] or coelomic epithelium, is a layer of simple squamous-to-cuboidal epithelial cells covering the ovary. [ 2 ] The term germinal epithelium is a misnomer as it does not give rise to primary follicles.