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  2. Beowulf and Middle-earth - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beowulf_and_Middle-earth

    Tolkien made use of Beowulf, along with other Old English sources, for many aspects of the Riders of Rohan. Their land was the Mark, its name a version of the Mercia where he lived, in Mercian dialect *Marc. Their names are straightforwardly Old English: Éomer and Háma (characters in Beowulf), Éowyn ("Horse-joy"), Théoden ("King").

  3. Magic in Anglo-Saxon England - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magic_in_Anglo-Saxon_England

    [16] The primary creature of the spirit world that appear in the Anglo-Saxon charms is the ælf (nominative plural ylfe, "elf"), an entity who was believed to cause sickness in humans. [17] Another type of spirit creature, a demonic one, believed to cause physical harm in the Anglo-Saxon world was the dweorg or dƿeorg / dwerg (" dwarf "), whom ...

  4. Philology and Middle-earth - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philology_and_Middle-earth

    Tolkien was an expert on Old English literature, especially the epic poem Beowulf, and made many uses of it in The Lord of the Rings. For example, Beowulf ' s list of creatures, eotenas ond ylfe ond orcnéas, "Ettens [giants] and Elves and demon-corpses", contributed to his creation of some of the races of beings in Middle-earth. [13]

  5. List of adaptations of Beowulf - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_adaptations_of_Beowulf

    1984: Beowulf: adapted for live performance by the founding members of Theatre in the Ground. [33] 1990s Beowulf one-man shows in modern English by Julian Glover [34] 1993. Beowulf, op. 17, chamber opera (or dramatic cantata) in one act for a chorus of young voices, light soprano, light tenor and baritone soli, by Richard Lambert. [35]

  6. Beowulf - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beowulf

    Beowulf (/ ˈ b eɪ ə w ʊ l f /; [1] Old English: Bēowulf [ˈbeːowuɫf]) is an Old English epic poem in the tradition of Germanic heroic legend consisting of 3,182 alliterative lines. It is one of the most important and most often translated works of Old English literature.

  7. List of translations of Beowulf - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/.../List_of_translations_of_Beowulf

    This is a list of translations of Beowulf, one of the best-known Old English heroic epic poems. Beowulf has been translated many times in verse and in prose. By 2020, the Beowulf's Afterlives Bibliographic Database listed some 688 translations and other versions of the poem, from Thorkelin's 1787 transcription of the text, and in at least 38 languages.

  8. Elf - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elf

    "⁊ ylfe" ("and elves") in Beowulf. Like words for gods and men, the word elf is used in personal names where words for monsters and demons are not. [39] Just as álfar is associated with Æsir in Old Norse, the Old English Wið færstice associates elves with ēse; whatever this word meant by the tenth century, etymologically it denoted pagan ...

  9. Influences on Tolkien - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Influences_on_Tolkien

    Beowulf ' s eotenas [ond] ylfe [ond] orcneas, "ogres [and] elves [and] devil-corpses" helped to inspire Tolkien to create orcs, Elves, and other races. [13] Tolkien was an expert on Old English literature, especially the epic poem Beowulf, and made many uses of it in The Lord of the Rings.