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Sirtuins are a family of signaling proteins involved in metabolic regulation. [2] [3] They are ancient in animal evolution and appear to possess a highly conserved structure throughout all kingdoms of life. [2] Whereas bacteria and archaea encode either one or two sirtuins, eukaryotes encode several sirtuins in their genomes.
In addition to controlling metabolism at the transcriptional level, sirtuins also directly control the activity of metabolic enzymes. In Salmonella enterica, the bacterial sirtuin CobB regulates the activity of the enzyme acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase. As mentioned above, orthologs of acetyl-CoA synthetase exist in the cytoplasm (AceCS1) and in ...
Sirtuin 1, also known as NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-1, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SIRT1 gene. [5] [6] [7]SIRT1 stands for sirtuin (silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog) 1 (S. cerevisiae), referring to the fact that its sirtuin homolog (biological equivalent across species) in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) is Sir2.
Studies suggest that the human sirtuins may function as intracellular regulatory proteins with mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase activity. [7] Cytosolic functions of SIRT2 include the regulation of microtubule acetylation, control of myelination in the central and peripheral nervous system [citation needed] and gluconeogenesis. [10]
51547 209011 Ensembl ENSG00000187531 ENSMUSG00000025138 UniProt Q9NRC8 Q8BKJ9 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_016538 NM_153056 NM_001363439 RefSeq (protein) NP_057622 NP_694696 NP_001350368 Location (UCSC) Chr 17: 81.91 – 81.92 Mb Chr 11: 120.51 – 120.52 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin 7 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the SIRT7 gene ...
75387 Ensembl ENSG00000089163 ENSMUSG00000029524 UniProt Q9Y6E7 Q8R216 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_012240 NM_001385733 NM_001385734 NM_001385735 NM_001167691 NM_133760 RefSeq (protein) NP_036372 NP_001161163 NP_598521 Location (UCSC) Chr 12: 120.3 – 120.31 Mb Chr 5: 115.48 – 115.48 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Sirtuin 4, also known as SIRT4, is a mitochondrial protein ...
Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6 or Sirt6) is a stress responsive protein deacetylase and mono-ADP ribosyltransferase enzyme encoded by the SIRT6 gene. [5] [6] [7] In laboratory research, SIRT6 appears to function in multiple molecular pathways related to aging, including DNA repair, telomere maintenance, glycolysis and inflammation. [5]
SIR proteins are conserved from yeast to humans, and lend their name to a class of mammalian histone deacetylases (Sirtuins, homologs of Sir2). Sirtuins have been implicated in myriad human traits including Alzheimer's and diabetes, and have been proposed to regulate of lifespan. [16]