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The English word fungus is directly adopted from the Latin fungus (mushroom), used in the writings of Horace and Pliny. [10] This in turn is derived from the Greek word sphongos (σφόγγος 'sponge'), which refers to the macroscopic structures and morphology of mushrooms and molds; [11] the root is also used in other languages, such as the German Schwamm ('sponge') and Schimmel ('mold').
Myxomycota, now considered a synonym of Myxogastria, comes from the Ancient Greek words μύξα myxa, which means "mucus", and μύκης mykes, which means "fungus".The name Myxogastria was introduced in 1970 by Lindsay Shepherd Olive to describe the family Myxogastridae, which was introduced in 1899 by Thomas Huston Macbride. [4]
Ascomycetes, sac fungi. A phylum of fungi characterized by the presence of an ascus, a sac-like structure where ascospores are produced. The largest group of fungi. Includes cup fungi or Discomycetes; most dermatophyte s; the mycobiont part of most lichens; powdery mildews; and fungi that produce truffle s. [37] ascospore
Lingzhi, Ganoderma sichuanense, also known as reishi or Ganoderma lingzhi [3] is a polypore fungus ("bracket fungus") native to East Asia belonging to the genus Ganoderma. Its reddish brown, varnished, kidney-shaped cap with bands and peripherally inserted stem give it a distinct fan-like appearance. When fresh, the lingzhi is soft, cork-like ...
The fungus was first described scientifically as Agaricus edodes by Miles Joseph Berkeley in 1877. [2] It was placed in the genus Lentinula by David Pegler in 1976. [3] The fungus has acquired an extensive synonymy in its taxonomic history: [4] Agaricus edodes Berk. (1878) Armillaria edodes (Berk.) Sacc. (1887) Mastoleucomychelloes edodes (Berk ...
'fungus'), referring to the large round oogonia, structures containing the female gametes, that are characteristic of the oomycetes. The name "water mold" refers to their earlier classification as fungi and their preference for conditions of high humidity and running surface water, which is characteristic for the basal taxa of the oomycetes.
The Latin pleurotus (side-ear) refers to the sideways growth of the stem with respect to the cap, while the Latin ostreatus (and the English common name, oyster) refers to the shape of the cap which resembles the bivalve of the same name. [2] The reference to oyster may also derive from the slippery texture of the mushroom. [2]
Usnea filipendula – one of about 20,000 described species of lichen. The following outline provides an overview of and topical guide to lichens.. Lichen – composite organism made up of multiple species – a fungal partner, one or more photosynthetic partners, which can be either green algae or cyanobacteria, and, in at least 52 genera of lichens, a yeast. [1]