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In physics and mechanics, torque is the rotational analogue of linear force. [1] It is also referred to as the moment of force (also abbreviated to moment ). The symbol for torque is typically τ {\displaystyle {\boldsymbol {\tau }}} , the lowercase Greek letter tau .
The moment of force, or torque, is a first moment: =, or, more generally, .; Similarly, angular momentum is the 1st moment of momentum: =.Momentum itself is not a moment.; The electric dipole moment is also a 1st moment: = for two opposite point charges or () for a distributed charge with charge density ().
Torque ; system unit unit-code symbol or abbrev. notes sample default conversion combination output units Industrial: SI: newton-metre: Nm N⋅m Triple combinations are also possible. See the full list. 1.0 N⋅m (0.74 lbf⋅ft) Nm kg.m; Nm lb.ft; Non-SI metric: kilogram metre: kg.m kg⋅m 1.0 kg⋅m (9.8 N⋅m; 7.2 lb⋅ft) kg.m Nm; kg.m lb.ft ...
The forces have a turning effect or moment called a torque about an axis which is normal (perpendicular) to the plane of the forces. The SI unit for the torque of the couple is newton metre. If the two forces are F and −F, then the magnitude of the torque is given by the following formula: = where
Classical mechanics is the branch of physics used to describe the motion of macroscopic objects. [1] It is the most familiar of the theories of physics. The concepts it covers, such as mass, acceleration, and force, are commonly used and known. [2] The subject is based upon a three-dimensional Euclidean space with fixed axes, called a frame of ...
Torque-free precessions are non-trivial solution for the situation where the torque on the right hand side is zero. When I is not constant in the external reference frame (i.e. the body is moving and its inertia tensor is not constantly diagonal) then I cannot be pulled through the derivative operator acting on L.
The force and torque vectors that arise in applying Newton's laws to a rigid body can be assembled into a screw called a wrench. A force has a point of application and a line of action, therefore it defines the Plücker coordinates of a line in space and has zero pitch. A torque, on the other hand, is a pure moment that is not bound to a line ...
is the torque exerted by the spring in newton-meters, and is the angle of twist from its equilibrium position in radians κ {\displaystyle \kappa \,} is a constant with units of newton-meters / radian, variously called the spring's torsion coefficient , torsion elastic modulus , rate , or just spring constant , equal to the change in torque ...