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Without such an accrued expense, a sale of these goods in the period they were supplied would lead to unpaid inventory (recognized as an expense but not actually incurred) offsetting the sale proceeds . This would result in a fictitious profit in the sale period and a fictitious loss in the payment period, both equal to the cost of goods sold.
The accrual method records income items when they are earned and records deductions when expenses are incurred. The modified cash basis records income when it is earned but deductions when expenses are paid out. Both methods have advantages and disadvantages, [2] [3] and can be used in a wide range of situations. [4]
In accounting, adjusting entries are journal entries usually made at the end of an accounting period to allocate income and expenditure to the period in which they actually occurred. The revenue recognition principle is the basis of making adjusting entries that pertain to unearned and accrued revenues under accrual-basis accounting .
In year 3, Jane sells the last machine for 38 and quits the business. She recovers the last of her costs. Her total profits for the three years are the same under all inventory methods. Only the timing of income and the balance of inventory differ. Here is a comparison under FIFO, Average Cost, and LIFO:
Substantiation for the expense must be submitted within a reasonable period of time after the expense was incurred, which is typically within 180 days. These expenses may be paid through a period not to exceed three months following the expiration of the year in which the expenses were incurred. Thus, if the expense is incurred in 2009, the ...
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These expenses are recorded when incurred, even if the payment will happen later. For instance, a company may receive services in one period but pay for them in the next. The uncertainty surrounding the timing or exact amount of accrued expenses is usually minor compared to provisions, which account for larger uncertainties.
In accounting, amortization is a method of obtaining the expenses incurred by an intangible asset arising from a decline in value as a result of use or the passage of time. Amortization is the acquisition cost minus the residual value of an asset, calculated in a systematic manner over an asset's useful economic life.