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The Itaipu Dam (Guarani: Yjoko Itaipu; Portuguese: Barragem de Itaipu; Spanish: Represa de Itaipú) is a hydroelectric dam on the Paraná River located on the border between Brazil and Paraguay. It is the third largest hydroelectric dam in the world, and holds the 45th largest reservoir in the world.
Many of the dams and reservoirs in Brazil listed below are used primarily used to produce hydroelectric power. ... Xingó Dam: Alagoas Sergipe: 1994: 60: 3,162: See also
The upstream cofferdam was 45 metres (148 ft) high and allowed the diversion of up to 7,700 cubic metres per second (270,000 cu ft/s) of water. The dam began to impound the reservoir in 1980 and by October it was filled and complete. [4] At the time of completion, the dam was the tallest and largest concrete face rock-fill dam in the world.
The main dam's Creager-type service spillway is the second largest in the world with a maximum capacity of 110,000 cubic metres per second (3,900,000 cu ft/s). It is controlled by 20 floodgates measuring 20 by 21 metres (66 ft × 69 ft).
The Santo Antônio Dam is designed as a run-of-the-river hydroelectric dam, power plant, and factory. The dam itself is 13.9 m (46 ft) tall and 3,100 m (10,171 ft) long, creating a reservoir with a surface area of 271 km 2 (105 sq mi), of which 164 km 2 (63 sq mi) is the previously existing river channel.
The dam is 307 kilometres (191 mi) from the state capital of Fortaleza. [3] It is the largest multiple-use public reservoir in Brazil and the largest dam in Brazil on an intermittent river. [2] [4] The reservoir has 6,700,000,000 cubic metres (2.4 × 10 11 cu ft) capacity, of which 250,000,000 cubic metres (8.8 × 10 9 cu ft) is dead volume. [2]
The Billings Reservoir (locally known as Represa Billings) is the largest reservoir in São Paulo, Brazil, covering a total of 127 km 2 (49 sq mi). It is named after Asa White Kenney Billings, the American hydroelectric engineer who was instrumental in building it. The Portuguese word represa also means "dam".
Though argued to be a relatively small area for a dam's energy output, this output cannot be fully obtained without the construction of other dams planned within the dam complex. [12] The expected area of reservoir for the Belo Monte dam and the necessary Altamira dam together will exceed 6500 km 2 of rainforest. [12]