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General chemical structure of the organophosphate functional group. In organic chemistry, organophosphates (also known as phosphate esters, or OPEs) are a class of organophosphorus compounds with the general structure O=P(OR) 3, a central phosphate molecule with alkyl or aromatic substituents. [1]
Trixylyl phosphate (TXP) is an aromatic phosphate ester. It was historically used as a flame retardant for acetate plastics (cellulose nitrate and cellulose acetate) and PVC. It also saw significant use as a fire-resistant hydraulic fluid. Trixylyl phosphate is now banned or restricted in several jurisdictions, due to its poor safety profile.
Tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphite is an organophosphorus compound with the formula [(C 4 H 9) 2 C 6 H 3 O] 3 P. This white solid is a widely used stabilizer in polymers where it functions as a secondary antioxidant.
See the general structure image of an ortho- (or mono-) phosphate ester below on the left, where any of the R groups can be a hydrogen or an organic radical. Di- and tripoly- (or tri-) phosphate esters, etc. are also possible.
Triethyl phosphite (TEP) is an organophosphorus compound, specifically a phosphite ester, with the formula P(OCH 2 CH 3) 3, often abbreviated P(OEt) 3. It is a colorless, malodorous liquid. It is used as a ligand in organometallic chemistry and as a reagent in organic synthesis.
Phosphoryl chloride is used on an industrial scale for the manufacture of phosphate esters (organophosphates). These have a wide range of uses, including as flame retardants (bisphenol A diphenyl phosphate, TCPP and tricresyl phosphate), plasticisers for PVC and related polymers (2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate) and hydraulic fluids. [11]
Triphenyl phosphate (TPhP) is the chemical compound with the formula OP(OC 6 H 5) 3. It is the simplest aromatic organophosphate. This colourless solid is the ester (triester) of phosphoric acid and phenol. It is used as a plasticizer and a fire retardant in a wide variety of settings and products. [3]
As a reagent in organic synthesis, it is used to convert alcohols to the corresponding diethylphosphate esters. It is a colorless liquid with a fruity odor. It is a corrosive, and as a cholinesterase inhibitor, highly toxic through dermal absorption. [1] The molecule is tetrahedral.