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UNAIDS Headquarters building in Geneva, Switzerland. The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS; French: Programme commun des Nations Unies sur le VIH/sida, ONUSIDA) is the main advocate for accelerated, comprehensive and coordinated global action on the HIV/AIDS pandemic.
In cell-free spread (see figure), virus particles bud from an infected T cell, enter the blood or extracellular fluid and then infect another T cell following a chance encounter. [90] HIV can also disseminate by direct transmission from one cell to another by a process of cell-to-cell spread, for which two pathways have been described.
HIV is now known to spread between CD4 + T cells by two parallel routes: cell-free spread and cell-to-cell spread, i.e. it employs hybrid spreading mechanisms. [95] In the cell-free spread, virus particles bud from an infected T cell, enter the blood/extracellular fluid and then infect another T cell following a chance encounter. [95]
The AIDS epidemic, caused by HIV, found its way to the United States between the 1970s and 1980s, [2] but was first noticed after doctors discovered clusters of Kaposi's sarcoma and pneumocystis pneumonia in homosexual men in Los Angeles, New York City, and San Francisco in 1981.
The French National AIDS Council (French: Conseil national du sida) is an advisory body established in 1989 with a mission of "to offer its views on the problems faced by society as a result of AIDS and to make useful suggestions to the government".
This article lists the reported and registered HIV/AIDS cases by reporting region. A region may refer to a country or subdivision, national HIV records are often complicated incomplete or even nonexistent.
Sida may refer to: Sida, a genus of cladoceran water fleas; Sida, a genus of flowering plants; Security Identification Display Area, US FAA; Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, a Swedish governmental agency; Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), a disease, abbreviated as SIDA in several languages
From there, the cell's own gene repair machinery takes over, soldering the loose ends of the genome back together – resulting in virus-free cells. [citation needed] Since HIV-1 is never cleared by the immune system, removal of the virus is required in order to cure the disease.