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With these concepts and frameworks, the face-negotiation theory investigates intercultural conflict styles. The perceived or actual conflict differences revolved around three issues: content, relational, and identity. [14] Content conflict refers to the substantive issues external to the individual involved.
Intercultural communication is a discipline that studies communication across different cultures and social groups, or how culture affects communication.It describes the wide range of communication processes and problems that naturally appear within an organization or social context made up of individuals from different religious, social, ethnic, and educational backgrounds.
Identity management theory explores the role of face, negotiation, and identity convergence in regard to intercultural communication. IMT seeks to explain how the development of interpersonal relationships is the means by which cultural identities are negotiated. [ 1 ]
Cultural conflict is a type of conflict that occurs when different cultural values and beliefs clash. Broad and narrow definitions exist for the concept, both of which have been used to explain violence (including war) and crime, on either a micro or macro scale.
By blending concepts from theories on group dynamics and cultural communication, Kathrin Burmann and Thorsten Semrau examined 54 teams in the banking sector in Germany (low-context culture) and Brazil (high-context culture). The study results show that in Germany, known for direct communication, social divisions often lead to task conflicts ...
Cultural contracts first appeared in Communication Quarterly in 1999. Dr. Ronald L. Jackson came up with the original idea while negotiating a deal for a new house. [3] He was fascinated by the general outline of a contract and was interested in identity as a communication researcher, so the process struck a chord with him and made him think about how cultural diversity functions in our society.
Face is central to intercultural communication or cross-cultural communication. Bert Brown explains the importance of both personal and national face in international negotiations: Among the most troublesome kinds of problems that arise in negotiation are the intangible issues related to loss of face.
Hofstede's cultural dimensions theory is a framework for cross-cultural psychology, developed by Geert Hofstede.It shows the effects of a society's culture on the values of its members, and how these values relate to behavior, using a structure derived from factor analysis.