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One of the most common causes of infectious diarrhea is a lack of clean water. Often, improper fecal disposal leads to contamination of groundwater. This can lead to widespread infection among a population, especially in the absence of water filtration or purification. Human feces contains a variety of potentially harmful human pathogens. [42]
The cause of dysentery is usually the bacteria from genus Shigella, in which case it is known as shigellosis, or the amoeba Entamoeba histolytica; then it is called amoebiasis. [1] Other causes may include certain chemicals, other bacteria, other protozoa, or parasitic worms. [2] It may spread between people. [4]
It is a common cause of diarrhea in those who are hospitalized and is frequently associated with antibiotic use. [32] Staphylococcus aureus infectious diarrhea may also occur in those who have used antibiotics. [33] Acute "traveler's diarrhea" is usually a type of bacterial gastroenteritis, while the persistent form is usually parasitic. [34]
Outbreaks of rotavirus A diarrhoea are common among hospitalised infants, young children attending day care centres, and elderly people in nursing homes. [75] [135] An outbreak caused by contaminated municipal water occurred in Colorado in 1981. [136] During 2005, the largest recorded epidemic of diarrhoea occurred in Nicaragua.
Villagers during a community-led total sanitation (CLTS) triggering exercise go to the place where meals are prepared to observe how flies are attracted to human feces and carry diseases by landing on the food (village near Lake Malawi, Malawi) School children during a CLTS triggering event in West Bengal, India looking at a glass of water and fresh human feces where the flies pass from the ...
FI is a sign or a symptom, not a diagnosis, [8] and represents an extensive list of causes. Usually, it is the result of a complex interplay of several coexisting factors, many of which may be simple to correct. [8] Up to 80% of people may have more than one abnormality that is contributing. [9]
Salmonellosis is a symptomatic infection caused by bacteria of the Salmonella type. [1] It is the most common disease to be known as food poisoning (though the name refers to food-borne illness in general), these are defined as diseases, usually either infectious or toxic in nature, caused by agents that enter the body through the ingestion of food.
Estimates of the percentage of people affected range from 20 to 50 percent among travelers to the developing world. [3] TD is particularly common among people traveling to Asia (except for Japan and Singapore), the Middle East, Africa, Latin America, and Central and South America. [4] [7] The risk is moderate in Southern Europe, and Russia. [8]