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By 1920, the city had added more than 1 million residents. During the second wave of the Great Migration (1940–60), the African-American population in the city grew from 278,000 to 813,000. African-American youths play basketball in Chicago's Stateway Gardens high-rise housing project in 1973.
This category is for African American civilians and soldiers during the World War I, as well as for battles and events that featured or significantly impacted African Americans, black regiments and military organizations, and similar articles.
The American Army and the First World War (2014). 484 pp. online review; Woodward, David R. Trial by Friendship: Anglo-American Relations, 1917-1918 (1993) online; Young, Ernest William. The Wilson Administration and the Great War (1922) online edition; Zieger, Robert H. America's Great War: World War I and the American Experience (2000)
The United States became more anti-immigration in outlook during this period. The American Immigration Act of 1924 limited immigration from countries where 2% of the total U.S. population, per the 1890 census (not counting African Americans), were immigrants from that country. Thus, the massive influx of Europeans that had come to America ...
Shortly after the American Civil War, some states started to pass their own immigration laws, which prompted the U.S. Supreme Court to rule in 1875 that immigration was a federal responsibility. [50] In 1875, the nation passed its first immigration law, the Page Act of 1875 , also known as the Asian Exclusion Act.
During his youth, he suffered the trauma of watching a white mob attempt to lynch his father over a workplace dispute. Despite the rampant racism of Jim Crow-era Georgia, his father continued to voice the conviction that African Americans had to maintain their dignity and self-respect in the face of the white prejudice. [8]
The nadir of American race relations was the period in African-American history and the history of the United States from the end of Reconstruction in 1877 through the early 20th century, when racism in the country, and particularly anti-black racism, was more open and pronounced than it had ever been during any other period in the nation's history.
The African-American community did not take a strong position one way or the other. A month after Congress declared war, W. E. B. Du Bois called on African-Americans to "fight shoulder to shoulder with the world to gain a world where war shall be no more". [40] Once the war began and black men were drafted, they worked to achieve equality. [41]