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  2. Phenolphthalein - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenolphthalein

    Phenolphthalein (/ f ɛ ˈ n ɒ l (f) θ ə l iː n / [citation needed] feh-NOL(F)-thə-leen) is a chemical compound with the formula C 20 H 14 O 4 and is often written as "HIn", "HPh", "phph" or simply "Ph" in shorthand notation. Phenolphthalein is often used as an indicator in acid–base titrations.

  3. List of reference ranges for cerebrospinal fluid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_reference_ranges...

    Reference ranges for other molecules in CSF Substance Lower limit Upper limit Unit Corresponds to % of that in plasma Glucose: 50 [2] 80 [2] mg/dL ~60% [1] 2.2, [3] 2.8 [1] 3.9, [3] 4.4 [1] mmol/L Protein: 15 [1] [2] 40, [4] 45 [1] [2] mg/dL ~1% [1] Albumin: 7.8 [5] 40 [5] mg/dL: 0 [6] - 0.7% [6] - corresponding to an albumin (CSF/serum ...

  4. pH indicator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PH_indicator

    If pH is below the pK a or pK b value, the converse is true. Usually, the color change is not instantaneous at the pK a or pK b value, but a pH range exists where a mixture of colors is present. This pH range varies between indicators, but as a rule of thumb, it falls between the pK a or pK b value plus or minus one. This assumes that solutions ...

  5. Blood sugar level - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_sugar_level

    Glucose homeostasis, when operating normally, restores the blood sugar level to a narrow range of about 4.4 to 6.1 mmol/L (79 to 110 mg/dL) (as measured by a fasting blood glucose test). [10] The global mean fasting plasma blood glucose level in humans is about 5.5 mmol/L (100 mg/dL); [11] [12] however, this level fluctuates throughout the day ...

  6. Reference ranges for blood tests - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reference_ranges_for_blood...

    Reference ranges (reference intervals) for blood tests are sets of values used by a health professional to interpret a set of medical test results from blood samples. Reference ranges for blood tests are studied within the field of clinical chemistry (also known as "clinical biochemistry", "chemical pathology" or "pure blood chemistry"), the ...

  7. Universal indicator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_indicator

    Low pH colour Transition pH range High pH colour Thymol blue (first transition) Red 1.2 – 2.8 Yellow Methyl orange: Red 3.2 – 4.4 Yellow Methyl red: Red 4.8 – 6.0 Yellow Bromothymol blue: Yellow 6.0 – 7.6 Blue Thymol blue (second transition) Yellow 8.0 – 9.6 Blue Phenolphthalein: Colourless 8.3 – 10.0 Fuchsia

  8. List of human blood components - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_human_blood_components

    7.0-8.9 × 10 −4: Glucose: ... 1.1-3.8 × 10 −5: Hydrogen ion(pH 7.4) 4 ... Reference ranges for common blood tests; References

  9. Base excess - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base_excess

    Base excess is defined as the amount of strong acid that must be added to each liter of fully oxygenated blood to return the pH to 7.40 at a temperature of 37°C and a pCO 2 of 40 mmHg (5.3 kPa). [2] A base deficit (i.e., a negative base excess) can be correspondingly defined by the amount of strong base that must be added.