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Before the Mongol conquest, Russians of Novgorod and Vladimir repeatedly looted and attacked the area, thereby weakening the Bulgar state's economy and military power. [3] The latter ambushed the Mongols in the later 1223 or in 1224. [4] Several clashes occurred between 1229–1234, and the Mongol Empire conquered the Bulgars in 1236.
The decision by the Mongols to attack Bulgaria with all their forces may have had the same motive as the initial attack on Hungary: to punish the Bulgarians for giving aid to the Mongols' enemies. [4] [7] Bulgaria in 1242 encompassed the area north of the Balkan Mountains as far as the Lower Danube.
The Battle of Samara Bend (Russian: Монгольско-булгарское сражение, lit. 'Mongolian-Bulgar battle'), also known as the Battle of Kernek, was the first battle between the Volga Bulgaria and the Mongol Empire, which took place during the autumn of 1223 at the southern border of Volga Bulgaria.
Bulgaria lost the Belgrade and Branicevo provinces. Fourth Bulgarian-Mongol War (1299-1300) [citation needed] Bulgarian Empire: Golden Horde: Victory. Tsar Theodore Svetoslav expelled the Mongols to the east; Ninth Bulgarian-Byzantine War (1304-1305) [citation needed] Bulgarian Empire: Byzantine Empire: Victory. Bulgarian Empire conquered most ...
Nevertheless, at the end of the 14th century, the Ottomans conquered the whole of Bulgaria. [132] Under the Ottoman system, Christians were considered an inferior class of people. Thus, Bulgarians, like other Christians, were subjected to heavy taxes and a small portion of the Bulgarian populace experienced partial or complete Islamisation. [133]
The General Secretary of the Bulgarian Communist Party and Chairman of the State Council of the People's Republic of Bulgaria Todor Zhivkov visited Mongolia in June 1985 at the invitation of the General Secretary of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party and Chairman of the Presidium of the State Great Khural Jambyn Batmönkh. [4] Bulgarian ...
Ghabdula Chelbir Mustansir (or only Chelbir; Persian: عبدالله چلبير [citation needed], romanized: Abdullah Chalbir) was the ruler of Volga Bulgaria from 1178 to 1225. [1] He was the son of Otak. During the reign of Chelbir, Volga Bulgaria strengthened its economy and military. Over his reign, the capital moved from Bolghar to Bilär.
[84]: 74 The Cumans were allied at Kalka River with Wallach warriors named Brodnics, led by Ploscanea. [citation needed] Brodnics' territory was in the lower parts of the Prut river in modern Romania and Moldova. During the second Mongol invasion of Eastern Europe in 1237–1240 the Cumans were defeated again; at this time groups of Cumans went ...