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Poachers in India kill and smuggle tigers to supply the increasing demands in neighboring country. [36] Poachers are known to take advantage of man-tiger conflicts and kill the endangered animal with the help of troubled locals. [43] Earliest available records shows that there was a high demand for tiger parts among the English people.
As India is home to majority of the global wild tiger population, the increase in population of tigers in India played a major role in driving up global populations as well; the number of wild tigers globally rose from 3,159 in 2010 to 3,890 in 2016 according to the World Wide Fund and Global Tiger Forum. [12]
Tiger reserves were set up as a part of Project Tiger initiated in 1973 and are administered by the National Tiger Conservation Authority of Government of India. Tiger reserves consist of a core area which includes part(s) of protected areas such as a national park or a wildlife sanctuary and a buffer zone which is a mix of forested and non ...
Tiger populations in India have been targeted by poachers since the 1990s and were extirpated in two tiger reserves in 2005 and 2009. [175] Between March 2017 and January 2020, 630 activities of hunters using snares , drift nets, hunting platforms and hunting dogs were discovered in a reserve forest of about 1,000 km 2 (390 sq mi) in southern ...
The popularity of these charismatic animals has greatly helped conservation efforts in India. The tiger has been particularly important, and Project Tiger, started in 1972, was a major effort to conserve the tiger and its habitats. [8] Project Elephant, though less known, started in 1992 and works for elephant protection. [9]
The Bengal tiger is a population of the Panthera tigris tigris subspecies and the nominate tiger subspecies. It ranks among the largest wild cats alive today. It is estimated to have been present in the Indian subcontinent since the Late Pleistocene for about 12,000 to 16,500 years.
Project Tiger aims at tiger conservation in specially-constituted tiger reserves, which are representative of various bio-geographical regions in the country. It strives to maintain viable tiger populations in their natural environment. As of 2019, there are 50 tiger reserves in India, covering an area of 37,761 km 2 (14,580 sq mi). [16]
India is home to several well-known large animals, including the Indian elephant, [11] Indian rhinoceros, [12] and Gaur. [4] India is the only country where the big cats tiger and lion exist in the wild. Members of the cat family include Bengal tiger, [13] Asiatic lion, [14] Indian leopard, [15] snow leopard, [16] and clouded leopard. [17]