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During the late 1960s, domestic opposition to the Vietnam War and conscription grew in Australia. In 1965, a group of concerned Australian women formed the anti-conscription organisation Save Our Sons, which was established in Sydney with other branches later formed in Wollongong, Melbourne, Brisbane, Perth, Newcastle and Adelaide. The movement ...
The demands of combat during World War II led to changes in the composition of Army units. The success of German mechanised units during the invasions of Poland and France convinced Australian defence planners that the Army required armoured units, and these began to be raised in 1941 when the 1st Armoured Division was formed.
There were many reasons for this change in heart: Sir Thomas Blamey, Commander-in-Chief, Australian Military Forces, had transferred large numbers of combat-experienced officers from the Second Australian Imperial Force to the Militia for the purpose of military efficiency; the limits on where conscripts could serve hampered military planning ...
During the first years of World War II, Australia's military strategy was closely aligned with that of the United Kingdom. In line with this, most Australian military units deployed overseas in 1940 and 1941 were sent to the Mediterranean and Middle East where they formed a key part of the Commonwealth forces in the area. The three AIF infantry ...
The Civil Constructional Corps (CCC) was a civilian based labour force created in Australia during World War II, designed to organise military construction works. Over 53,500 members were gathered through a combination of conscription (manpowered) and volunteers, conducting work for the Allied Works Council.
Harper Adams Agricultural College saw a huge demand for places during the Second World War, as both agricultural students and farmers were exempt from conscription. In the UK, coal mining was not a reserved occupation at the start of the war, and there was a great shortage of coal miners.
As a result, the majority of Australia's military weapons and equipment were initially imported from the United Kingdom or the United States. However, as the war progressed, many of these imported items were gradually replaced by locally produced versions, as Australia's industrial capacity expanded to meet the demands of the conflict.
The Manpower Directorate was a division of the Government of Australia [1] established in January, 1942 [1] to be responsible for active service and support industry recruitment during World War II to combat labor shortages in strategic areas. [1] The agency had extensive power and reach in furtherance of this effort: