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Due to a confusion over the numbering of popes named John in the 13th century, the ordinal XX was skipped. 188: 25 November 1277 – 22 August 1280 (2 years, 271 days) Nicholas III NICOLAVS Tertius: Giovanni Gaetano Orsini: c. 1216 Rome, Papal States: 61 / 64 Subject and later the sovereign of the Papal States. Planned the Sicilian Vespers. 189
13th; 14th; 15th; 16th; 17th; 18th; Subcategories. This category has the following 3 subcategories, out of 3 total. H. ... Pages in category "13th-century popes"
This is an incomplete list of papal bulls, listed by the year in which each was issued.. The decrees of some papal bulls were often tied to the circumstances of time and place, and may have been adjusted, attenuated, or abrogated by subsequent popes as situations changed.
Stephen Langton (c. 1150 – 9 July 1228) was an English cardinal of the Catholic Church and Archbishop of Canterbury from 1207 until his death in 1228. The dispute between King John of England and Pope Innocent III over his election was a major factor in the crisis which produced the Magna Carta in 1215.
Pope Urban was a native of France and was a descendant of a noble family from the French commune of Châtillon-sur-Marne. [5] [6] Before his papacy, Urban was the grand prior of Cluny and bishop of Ostia. [7] As pope, he dealt with Antipope Clement III, infighting of various Christian nations, and the Turkish invasions into Anatolia.
The Doge of Venice (/ d oʊ dʒ / DOHJ) [2] [a] was the doge or highest role of authority within the Republic of Venice (697 CE to 1797 CE). [3] The word Doge derives from the Latin Dux, meaning "leader," and Venetian Italian for “duke”, highest official of the republic of Venice for over 1,000 years. [4]
A new pope – Innocent IV – was elected. At first, Frederick was pleased with the election since Innocent had relatives in the Imperial camp. However, the new Pope immediately turned against Frederick. When the City of Viterbo rebelled, the Pope backed the Guelphs. and Frederick immediately marched to Italy and besieged Viterbo. The pope ...
The designation of Vicar of Christ for popes fell in regular use in the beginning of the 13th century, due to reforms employed by Pope Innocent III (r. 1198–1216). [18] It is noted as early as 1199 in Innocent's letter to the King of Armenia, Leo II. [19] Innocent often appealed to this title as a prerogative to appoint bishops. [13]