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Vivisection (from Latin vivus ' alive ' and sectio ' cutting ') is surgery conducted for experimental purposes on a living organism, typically animals with a central nervous system, to view living internal structure.
It was founded in 1898 by Irish writer and suffragette Frances Power Cobbe as the British Union for the Abolition of Vivisection. In 2012, the BUAV joined with the New England Anti-Vivisection Society to establish a new international organisation to campaign against the testing of cosmetics on animals —Cruelty Free International.
Belden was an anti-vivisectionist and was a vice-president of the National Anti-Vivisection Society. [1] He was president of the British Union for the Abolition of Vivisection . [ 6 ] [ 7 ] On vivisection, he commented that "our church pulpits must end their silence on this dark and evil tragedy of animal torture". [ 8 ]
Representatives of the National Anti-Vivisection Society (NAVS) told a House of Lords select committee the Boyd Group is a "talking shop" with a "pre-set agenda." [ 5 ] However, Les Ward defended Advocates for Animals' membership of the group and the effectiveness of a collaborative approach:
At the same time, he sought middle ground between the anti-vivisection societies, which called for the abolition of all experimentation and those who rejected any restraints. Leffingwell also was concerned with meat safety, believing that lax regulations, in particular allowing cancerous animals into the food chain , were responsible for ...
Frances Power Cobbe (4 December 1822 – 5 April 1904) was an Anglo-Irish writer, philosopher, religious thinker, social reformer, anti-vivisection activist and leading women's suffrage campaigner.
The anti-vivisection movement takes hold in the UK, where the first legislation to regulate animal experimentation is passed. [13] European anti-vivisectionists and moderate animal protectionists clash, with little significant legislation on animal experimentation appearing outside England, and interest in anti-vivisection waning by World War I.
It was republished as Vivisection: A Prize Essay in 1871 by the Woman's branch of the Pennsylvania Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. [5] Fleming's essay was translated into German and was influential to anti-vivisectionists in Europe. It inspired Elpis Melena to write an anti-vivisection novel. [6]