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This is a list of the fundamental frequencies in hertz (cycles per second) of the keys of a modern 88-key standard or 108-key extended piano in twelve-tone equal temperament, with the 49th key, the fifth A (called A 4), tuned to 440 Hz (referred to as A440). [1] [2] Every octave is made of twelve steps called semitones.
The notation 8 a or 8 va is sometimes seen in sheet music, meaning "play this an octave higher than written" (all' ottava: "at the octave" or all' 8 va). 8 a or 8 va stands for ottava , the Italian word for octave (or "eighth"); the octave above may be specified as ottava alta or ottava sopra ).
Scales are typically listed from low to high pitch. Most scales are octave-repeating, meaning their pattern of notes is the same in every octave (the Bohlen–Pierce scale is one exception). An octave-repeating scale can be represented as a circular arrangement of pitch classes, ordered by increasing (or decreasing) pitch class.
The Toccata in D minor, Op. 11 is a piece for solo piano, written by Sergei Prokofiev in 1912 [1] and debuted by the composer on December 10, 1916, in Petrograd. [1] It is a further development of the toccata form, which has been used by composers such as Johann Sebastian Bach and Robert Schumann.
Sheet music for the piano sonatas: Scores at the International Music Score Library Project "Music for piano, keyboard and organ". Archived from the original on December 31, 2009. Complete recording of Joseph Haydn's Piano Sonatas on a sampled Walter fortepiano and on a sampled Steinway D
Chromatic scale: every key of one octave on the piano keyboard. The chromatic scale (or twelve-tone scale) is a set of twelve pitches (more completely, pitch classes) used in tonal music, with notes separated by the interval of a semitone.
Étude in D-sharp minor, Op. 8, No. 12, is an étude for piano composed by Alexander Scriabin in 1894. [1] Its technical challenges include numerous jumps in the left hand, repetitive chord strikes, and abundant octaves.
Octatonic scales can be found in Chopin's Mazurka, Op. 50, No. 3 and in several Liszt piano works: the closing measures of the third Étude de Concert, "Un Sospiro," for example, where (mm. 66–70) the bass contains a complete falling octatonic scale from D-flat to D-flat, in the opening piano cadenzas of Totentanz, in the lower notes between ...
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