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Grade-separated road junctions are typically space-intensive, complicated, and costly, due to the need for large physical structures such as tunnels, ramps, and bridges. Their height can be obtrusive, and this, combined with the large traffic volumes that grade-separated roads attract, tend to make them unpopular to nearby landowners and residents.
In the field of road transport, an interchange (American English) or a grade-separated junction (British English) is a road junction that uses grade separations to allow for the movement of traffic between two or more roadways or highways, using a system of interconnecting roadways to permit traffic on at least one of the routes to pass through ...
A directional interchange is a grade separated junction between two roads where all turns that require crossing over or under the opposite road's lanes of travel to complete the turn utilize ramps that make a direct or semi-direct connection. The difference between direct and semi-direct connections is how much the motorist deviates from the ...
A typical diamond interchange. The freeway itself is grade-separated from the minor road, one crossing the other over a bridge.Approaching the interchange from either direction, an off-ramp diverges only slightly from the freeway and runs directly across the minor road, becoming an on-ramp that returns to the freeway in similar fashion.
A three-level diamond interchange is a type of highway interchange where through traffic on both main roads is grade-separated from intersections which handle transferring traffic. [1] It is similar in design to a three-level stacked roundabout except for its use of (usually signalled) conventional intersections , and can be thought of as two ...
A "mixing bowl" highway interchange between I-96, M-5, I-275, and I-696 in Novi, Michigan, United States. At interchanges, roads pass above or below each other, using grade separation and slip roads. The terms motorway junction and highway interchange typically refer to this layout. They can be further subdivided into those with and without ...
A grade-separated junction is a transport junction where at least one bridge or tunnel is used to separate traffic flows (known as grade separation). Relevant articles include: Road interchanges, known as grade-separated junctions in the UK; A flying junction, a type of grade-separated junction found on railway lines
A free-flow interchange is an interchange in which all roads are grade-separated, and where movement from one road to another does not require the driver to stop for traffic (for example, the interchange may not include traffic lights or unsignalized at-grade intersections).