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Imagined portrait of Qin Shi Huang, the first Emperor of a unified China. Depiction from the Qing dynasty. The Chinese monarchs were the rulers of China during Ancient and Imperial periods. [a] The earliest rulers in traditional Chinese historiography are of mythological origin, and followed by the Xia dynasty of
Timeline of Chinese history. This is a timeline of Chinese history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in China and its dynasties. To read about the background to these events, see History of China. See also the list of Chinese monarchs, Chinese emperors family tree, dynasties of China and years in China.
For most of its history, China was organized into various dynastic states under the rule of hereditary monarchs.Beginning with the establishment of dynastic rule by Yu the Great c. 2070 BC, [1] and ending with the abdication of the Xuantong Emperor in AD 1912, Chinese historiography came to organize itself around the succession of monarchical dynasties.
The findings at Anyang include the earliest written record of the Chinese so far discovered: inscriptions of divination records in ancient Chinese writing on the bones or shells of animals—the oracle bones, dating from c. 1250 – c. 1046 BC. [27] A series of at least twenty-nine kings reigned over the Shang dynasty. [28]
China was a monarchy from prehistoric times up to 1912, when a republic was established. The succession of legendary monarchs of China were non-hereditary. Dynastic rule began c. 2070 BC when Yu the Great established the Xia dynasty, [d] and monarchy lasted until 1912 when dynastic rule collapsed together with the monarchical government. [5]
The legendary Five Emperors were traditionally regarded as the founders of the Chinese state. The Records of the Grand Historian states that Shaohao did not accede to the throne while Emperor Zhi’s ephemeral and uneventful rule disqualify him from the Five Emperors in all sources. [1]
During the Western Zhou dynasty (c. 1046 BC – 771 BC), Chinese vassal rulers with power over their particular fiefdoms served a strong central monarch. Following a brutal succession crisis and relocation of the royal capital, the power of the Zhou kings (王; wáng [a]) waned, and during the Eastern Zhou period, the regional lords overshadowed the king and began to usurp that title for ...
For more information, see Two Chinas, Political status of Taiwan, One-China policy, 1992 Consensus and One country, two systems. "China" also refers to many historical states, empires and dynasties that controlled parts of what are now the PRC and the ROC. For leaders of ancient and imperial China, see List of Chinese monarchs.