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The Mamluk City in the Middle East: History, Culture, and the Urban Landscape (Cambridge UP, 2014) excerpt; Muslu, Cihan Yuksel. The Ottomans and the Mamluks: Imperial Diplomacy and Warfare in the Islamic World (2014) excerpt; Oualdi, M'hamed. "Mamluks in Ottoman Tunisia: A Category Connecting State and Social Forces."
The Mamluk Army was established in 1250 by the first Mamluk Sultan Aybak of Egypt, but it was reformed in 1260 by Sultan Baybars. [4] [2] [5] [6] The entire army did not have an official census, but as a percentage and proportion, the Egyptians were the vast majority of the army, and this is clear from the division of the army.
The traditional mamluk army, however, regarded firearms with contempt and vigorously resisted their incorporation into Mamluk warfare, which prevented al-Ghuri from making effective use of them until the end of his reign. [159] [161] Anonymous 1511 painting depicting a reception of Venetian ambassadors in Damascus during the time of al-Ghuri [162]
The traditional mamluk army, however, regarded firearms with contempt and vigorously resisted their incorporation into Mamluk warfare, which prevented al-Ghuri from making effective use of them until the end of his reign. [174] [176] In the meantime, Shah Ismail I had emerged in 1501 and forged the Safavid Empire in Iran.
The Mamluk campaigns against Cyprus were a series of military expeditions launched by the Mamluk Sultanate into the Kingdom of Cyprus between 1424 and 1426. As a result of the Mamluk victory in the battle of Khirokitia on 7 July 1426 and the capture of King Janus , Cyprus became a tributary state.
Jeddah, the remaining stronghold of the Mamluk sultanate, is captured by Selim I; 1518 Fall of Tlemcen Ottoman Empire: Kingdom of Tlemcen: Victory. Ottoman Corsair Oruç Reis in control of territory size of 1916 French Algeria [112] 1519–1610 Celali rebellions: Ottoman Empire: Celali Victory. The rebellions were suppressed bloodily; 1519–1639
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 2 March 2025. 1260 battle between the Mamluk Sultanate and the Mongol Empire Battle of Ain Jalut Part of the Mongol invasions of the Levant Map showing movements of both forces, meeting eventually at Ain Jalut Date 3 September 1260 (26 Ramadan 658 H) Location Near Ma'ayan Harod (Hebrew) or Ayn Jalut ...
[2] [14] The fall of the Mamluk Sultanate effectively put an end to the Portuguese–Mamluk naval war, but the Ottomans then took over the attempts to stop Portuguese expansion in the Indian Ocean. The conquest of the Mamluk Empire also opened up the territories of Africa to the Ottomans. During the 16th century, Ottoman power expanded further ...