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Adding fluoride to drinking water reduces rates of cavities by around 25%, ... U.S. standards recommend fluoride levels of 0.7 milligrams per liter of water, and the NTP’s conclusion applied to ...
Fluoridation does not affect the appearance, taste or smell of drinking water. [1] Water fluoridation is the controlled addition of fluoride to public water supplies to reduce tooth decay. Fluoridated water maintains fluoride levels effective for cavity prevention, achieved naturally or through supplementation. [2]
Water fluoridation is not mandatory, and while there is a recommended fluoride concentration in drinking water (0.7 milligrams per liter) from the CDC, that level is not an enforceable standard.
Water and food sources of fluoride include community water fluoridation, seafood, tea, and gelatin. [ 52 ] Soluble fluoride salts, of which sodium fluoride is the most common, are toxic, and have resulted in both accidental and self-inflicted deaths from acute poisoning . [ 4 ]
The U.S. Public Health Service’s recommendation is a fluoride concentration of 0.7 mg/L of drinking water—and there were not enough data to determine if 0.7 mg/L of fluoride exposure in ...
Defluoridation is the downward adjustment of the level of fluoride in drinking water. Worldwide, fluoride is one of the most abundant anions present in groundwater. Fluoride is more present in groundwater than surface water mainly due to the leaching of minerals. Groundwater accounts for 98 percent of the earth's potable water. [1] An excess of ...
In 2024, a U.S. government study released by HHS found higher levels of fluoride exposure, such as drinking water containing more than 1.5 mg/L (which is the recommended safe limit set by the WHO), are associated with lower IQ in children. [21] The associated meta-analysis was published in 2025. It reports a null association when concentration ...
The U.S. Public Health Service currently recommends a fluoride level of 0.7 milligrams per liter of water to maximize oral health benefits while minimizing the risk of fluorosis, a condition ...