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A symphony is an extended musical composition in Western classical music, most often for orchestra. Although the term has had many meanings from its origins in the ancient Greek era, by the late 18th century the word had taken on the meaning common today: a work usually consisting of multiple distinct sections or movements , often four, with ...
Italian overture – Overture in three fast-slow-fast sections. Pasticcio – Opera made up of various pieces from other compositions. Singspiel – Form of German light opera, typically with spoken dialogue. Zarzuela – Spanish lyric-dramatic genre that incorporates operatic and popular songs, as well as dance.
Also various compositions that contain "symphony" or "sinfonia" in their name are included, whether or not strictly speaking they adhere to the format of a classical symphony. Sinfonia concertante is a different genre, and works of that genre are not included here, unless for those named works that are usually known as a symphony.
The symphony is scored for flute, 2 oboes, 2 clarinets (in the 2nd version of 1791), 2 bassoons, 2 horns, and strings. The work is in four movements, in the usual arrangement for a classical-style symphony (fast movement, slow movement, minuet, fast movement):
The Symphony No. 5 in C minor, Op. 67, also known as the Fate Symphony (German: Schicksalssinfonie), is a symphony composed by Ludwig van Beethoven between 1804 and 1808. It is one of the best-known compositions in classical music and one of the most frequently played symphonies, [1] and it is widely considered one of the cornerstones of western music.
The Symphony No. 9 in D minor, Op. 125, is a choral symphony, the final complete symphony by Ludwig van Beethoven, composed between 1822 and 1824. It was first performed in Vienna on 7 May 1824. The symphony is regarded by many critics and musicologists as a masterpiece of Western classical music and one of the supreme achievements in the ...
MasterWorks classical music concerts, however, are still the symphony's bread and butter, although they operate at a loss and cost about $60,000 to produce individually.
In the Classical period, C major was the key most often chosen for symphonies with trumpets and timpani. Even in the Romantic period, with its greater use of minor keys and the ability to use trumpets and timpani in any key, C major remained a very popular choice of key for a symphony. The following list includes only the most famous examples.