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  2. Rotating reference frame - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotating_reference_frame

    Then, by taking time derivatives, formulas are derived that relate the velocity of the particle as seen in the two frames, and the acceleration relative to each frame. Using these accelerations, the fictitious forces are identified by comparing Newton's second law as formulated in the two different frames.

  3. Spacetime diagram - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spacetime_diagram

    The original position on your time line (ct) is perpendicular to position A, the original position on your mutual timeline (x) where (t) is zero. This timeline where timelines come together are positioned then on the same timeline even when there are 2 different positions. The 2 positions are on the 45 degree Event line on the original position ...

  4. Motion graphs and derivatives - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motion_graphs_and_derivatives

    Since the velocity of the object is the derivative of the position graph, the area under the line in the velocity vs. time graph is the displacement of the object. (Velocity is on the y-axis and time on the x-axis. Multiplying the velocity by the time, the time cancels out, and only displacement remains.)

  5. Equations of motion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equations_of_motion

    Trajectory of a particle with initial position vector r 0 and velocity v 0, subject to constant acceleration a, all three quantities in any direction, and the position r(t) and velocity v(t) after time t. The initial position, initial velocity, and acceleration vectors need not be collinear, and the equations of motion take an almost identical ...

  6. Linear motion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_motion

    The instantaneous velocity equation comes from finding the limit as t approaches 0 of the average velocity. The instantaneous velocity shows the position function with respect to time. From the instantaneous velocity the instantaneous speed can be derived by getting the magnitude of the instantaneous velocity.

  7. Orbital state vectors - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orbital_state_vectors

    Orbital position vector, orbital velocity vector, other orbital elements. In astrodynamics and celestial dynamics, the orbital state vectors (sometimes state vectors) of an orbit are Cartesian vectors of position and velocity that together with their time () uniquely determine the trajectory of the orbiting body in space.

  8. Perifocal coordinate system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perifocal_coordinate_system

    The position and velocity vectors can be determined for any location of the orbit. The position vector, r , can be expressed as: r = r cos ⁡ θ p ^ + r sin ⁡ θ q ^ {\displaystyle \mathbf {r} =r\cos \theta \mathbf {\hat {p}} +r\sin \theta \mathbf {\hat {q}} } where θ {\displaystyle \theta } is the true anomaly and the radius r = ‖ r ...

  9. Time derivative - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_derivative

    The flow of net fixed investment is the time derivative of the capital stock. The flow of inventory investment is the time derivative of the stock of inventories. The growth rate of the money supply is the time derivative of the money supply divided by the money supply itself. Sometimes the time derivative of a flow variable can appear in a model: