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For example, Harry Golombek, in Capablanca's 100 Best Games of Chess (1947), gave a question mark to Black's fourth move in the line 1.e4 c5 2.Ne2 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 g6, a form of the Accelerated Dragon variation of the Sicilian Defence, stating that 4...Nf6 was "necessary" to make White block his c-pawn with 5.Nc3 and thus avoid the Bind.
The best known of these, called the Poisoned Pawn Variation, is a line of the Sicilian Defense, Najdorf Variation that begins with the moves: 1. e4 c5 2. Nf3 d6 3. d4 cxd4 4. Nxd4 Nf6 5. Nc3 a6 6. Bg5 e6 7. f4 Qb6. after which 8.Qd2 Qxb2 usually follows, accepting the "poisoned" b2-pawn. White can also play 8.Nb3, protecting the pawn.
Moscow Variation of the Semi-Slav Defence – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 c6 3.Nf3 Nf6 4.Nf3 e6 5.Bg5 h6; Moscow Variation of the Sicilian Defence – 1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.Bb5+ Mujannah Formation of the Old Benoni Defence - 1. d4 c5 2. d5 f5; Mujannah Opening (or Arabian Opening) of the Bird's Opening - 1.f4 d5 2.c4
An example is a game Vallejo Pons–Kasparov, Moscow 2004, [19] which was called "a model modern grandmaster draw!" by Kasparov himself in Revolution in the 70s (page 164). 8.Nb3 White opts for a quiet game, but Black has nothing to worry about: 8...Be7 9.Qf3 Nbd7 10.0-0-0 Qc7 where we have reached a set-up very similar to that of the old main ...
In most Yugoslav games, 0-0-0, h4, and Bb3 are all played by White but the move order matters a great deal. 10.h4 h5 transposes to the Soltis Variation but avoids the Chinese Dragon (see below), because after 10.h4 Rb8?! 11.h5! is now good for White. 10.Bb3 also usually transposes into the main lines but Black has the additional possibility of ...
Some of these games have developed independently while others are ancestors or relatives of modern chess. [112] [page needed] The popularity of these variants may be limited to their respective places of origin (as is largely the case for shogi), or worldwide (as is the case for xiangqi). The games have their own institutions and traditions.
Fleissig Variation of the Scotch Game – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.d4 exd4 4.Nxd4 Bc5 5.Be3 Qf6 6.c3 Nge7 7.Nc2 – named after Bernhard Fleissig [44] [unreliable source] Flohr–Mikenas–Carls Variation of the English Opening – 1.c4 Nf6 2.Nc3 e6 3.e4 – named after Salo Flohr, Vladas Mikėnas and Carl Johan Margot Carls [45]
In chess, the Sicilian Defence, Alapin Variation is a response to the Sicilian Defence characterised by the moves: 1. e4 c5 2. c3. It is named after the Russian master Semyon Alapin (1856–1923). For many years, it was not held in high regard, since 2...d5 was thought to allow Black easy equality. [1] [2]