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The United States federal government chartered and owned corporations operate to provide public services. Unlike government agencies such as the Environmental Protection Agency, the Bureau of Indian Affairs, or independent commissions, such as the Federal Communications Commission, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, and others, they have a separate legal personality from the federal government.
Independent agencies exist outside the federal executive departments (those headed by a Cabinet secretary) and the Executive Office of the President. [1]: 6 There is a further distinction between independent executive agencies and independent regulatory agencies, which have been assigned rulemaking responsibilities or authorities by Congress.
The National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) is an independent agency of the United States government within the executive branch, [6] charged with the preservation and documentation of government and historical records. It is also tasked with increasing public access to those documents that make up the National Archives. [7]
The advantage of holding a National Bank Act charter is that a national bank is not subject to state usury laws intended to prevent predatory lending. [6] However, in Cuomo v. Clearing House Association, L. L. C., the Supreme Court ruled that federal banking regulations do not preempt the ability of states to enforce their own fair-lending laws ...
A firm's value creation is the difference between V (the value of the product being sold) and C (the cost of production per each product sold). [ 8 ] Value creation can be categorized as: primary activities ( research and development , production, marketing and sales, customer service ) and as support activities (information systems, logistics ...
Practical issues include inaccuracies from differences between economic and accounting methodologies, lack of controlled experiments on quality of data from diverse sources, and measurement of intangibles and services of the banking and financial sectors. [13] Two developments relevant to the national accounts since the 1980s include the following.
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Congress is one of the branches of government so it has a lot of powers of its own that it uses to pass laws and establish regulations. These include express, implied, and concurrent powers. It uses its express powers to regulate bankruptcies, business between states and other nations, the armed forces, and the National Guard or militia.