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Karyotype of a human with Trisomy 21 (Down syndrome). Trisomies can occur with any chromosome, but often result in miscarriage rather than live birth.For example, Trisomy 16 is most common in human pregnancies, occurring in more than 1%, but the only surviving embryos are those having some normal cells in addition to the trisomic cells (mosaic trisomy 16). [3]
Karyotype for trisomy Down syndrome. Notice the three copies of chromosome 21. Trisomy 21 (47,XY,+21) is caused by a meiotic nondisjunction event. [3] A typical gamete (either egg or sperm) has one copy of each chromosome (23 total). When it is combined with a gamete from the other parent during conception, the child has 46 chromosomes.
Down syndrome or Down's syndrome, [12] also known as trisomy 21, is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of all or part of a third copy of chromosome 21. [3] It is usually associated with developmental delays, mild to moderate intellectual disability , and characteristic physical features.
Trisomy 21 – Down syndrome, an example of a polysomy at chromosome 21 Polysomy is a condition found in many species, including fungi, plants, insects, and mammals, in which an organism has at least one more chromosome than normal, i.e., there may be three or more copies of the chromosome rather than the expected two copies. [1]
Trisomy 2: 3 Trisomy 3: 4 Wolf–Hirschhorn syndrome: Trisomy 4: 5 Cri du chat. 5q deletion syndrome. Trisomy 5: 6 Trisomy 6: 7 Williams syndrome: Trisomy 7: 8 Monosomy 8p Monosomy 8q Trisomy 8: 9 Alfi's syndrome. Kleefstra syndrome. Trisomy 9: 10 Monosomy 10p Monosomy 10q Trisomy 10: 11 Jacobsen syndrome: Trisomy 11: 12 Trisomy 12: 13 Patau ...
Trisomic rescue (also known as trisomy rescue or trisomy zygote rescue) is a genetic phenomenon in which a fertilized ovum containing three copies of a chromosome loses one of these chromosomes (anaphase lag) to form a diploid chromosome complement. [1] If both of the retained chromosomes come from the same parent, then uniparental disomy ...
Trisomy 16 is a chromosomal abnormality in which there are 3 copies of chromosome 16 rather than two. [1] It is the most common autosomal trisomy leading to miscarriage, and the second most common chromosomal cause (closely following X-chromosome monosomy). [2] About 6% of miscarriages have trisomy 16. [3]
Mosaic trisomy X can have different outcomes to the non-mosaic condition and further contributes to the variability seen in Trisomy X. [14] Common mosaic forms observed include 46,XX/47,XXX, 45,X/47,XXX (with a Monosomy X cell line), and 47,XXX/48,XXXX (with a tetrasomy X cell line). Complex mosaicism, with cell lines such as 45,X/46,XX/47,XXX ...