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The Cape Town Agreement defines minimum requirements on the design, construction and equipment of fishing vessels. [1] It also includes details for the inspection of fishing vessels, as well as mandatory requirements for ship stability, seaworthiness, life-saving appliances, fire safety, ventilation and communication equipment.
Vessel control and miscellaneous systems and equipment 97 Operations 98 Special construction, arrangement, and other provisions for certain dangerous cargoes in bulk: 105 Commercial fishing vessels dispensing petroleum products 107 Inspection and certification 108 Design and equipment 109 Operations Index 110 General provisions 111
Ship stability is an area of naval architecture and ship design that deals with how a ship behaves at sea, both in still water and in waves, whether intact or damaged. Stability calculations focus on centers of gravity , centers of buoyancy , the metacenters of vessels, and on how these interact.
Classification societies follow rules and guidelines laid down by International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) conventions, the International Maritime Organization and laws of the country under which the vessel is flagged, such as the Code of Federal Regulations. Stability is normally broken into two distinct types: intact and ...
The metacentric height is an approximation for the vessel stability at a small angle (0-15 degrees) of heel. Beyond that range, the stability of the vessel is dominated by what is known as a righting moment. Depending on the geometry of the hull, naval architects must iteratively calculate the center of buoyancy at increasing angles of heel.
These requirements include regulations for: stability for fishing vessels, the termination of unsafe operations, safety equipment such as immersion suits and personal flotation devices, survival craft, distress signals, means of escape, and many more regulations that all contributed to the increased survival rate of commercial fishermen. [3]
The Code contains both mandatory regulations and recommended provisions, setting out the minimum stability standards for ships. [6] This includes information on precautions against capsizing, metacentric heights (GM), righting levers (GZ), rolling criteria, Free surface effect and watertight integrity. [1]
Within the context of other maritime contracts, a carrier of goods by sea owes a duty to a shipper of cargo that the vessel is seaworthy at the start of the voyage; a shipowner warrants to a charterer that the vessel under charter is seaworthy; and a shipbuilder warrants that the vessel under construction will be seaworthy when completed.