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Watermill of Braine-le-Château, Belgium (12th century) Interior of the Lyme Regis watermill, UK (14th century). A watermill or water mill is a mill that uses hydropower.It is a structure that uses a water wheel or water turbine to drive a mechanical process such as milling (grinding), rolling, or hammering.
Water wheels were still in commercial use well into the 20th century, although they are no longer in common use today. Water wheels are used for milling flour in gristmills , grinding wood into pulp for papermaking , hammering wrought iron , machining, ore crushing and pounding fibre for use in the manufacture of cloth .
A watermill is a structure that uses a water wheel or turbine to drive a mechanical process such as flour milling (using a pair of millstones), lumber production, or metal shaping (rolling, grinding or wire drawing). A watermill that generates electricity is usually called a hydroelectric plant.
Inventions that are credited to the ancient Greeks include the gear, screw, rotary mills, bronze casting techniques, water clock, water organ, the torsion catapult, the use of steam to operate some experimental machines and toys, and a chart to find prime numbers. Many of these inventions occurred late in the Greek period, often inspired by the ...
The invention of the watermill is a question open to scholarly discussion, [5] but is generally agreed to have occurred in the ancient Near East, [5] [6] either before [6] or during the Hellenistic period. [7] In the subsequent Roman period, the use of water-power was
Machinery in a watermill Crown Wheel and Upright Shaft Pit Wheel, Great Spur Wheel, Stone Nut (Underdrift stones) Pit Wheel, Wallower and Upright Shaft. A Waterwheel Axle The axle carries the waterwheel. It can also carry the Pit Wheel at its opposite end. Bedstone The Bedstone is the bottom of a pair of millstones. It does not move.
A tide mill is a water mill driven by tidal rise and fall. A dam with a sluice is created across a suitable tidal inlet, or a section of river estuary is made into a reservoir. As the tide comes in, it enters the mill pond through a one-way gate, and this gate closes automatically when the tide begins to fall.
The solution devised by the Eastern Roman general Belisarius was the "reverse principle of a water mill" - the ship mills, which were anchored on the Tiber river around Rome. [ 2 ] It was a type of watermill powered by water wheels mounted on the sides of vessels moored in midstream, preferably close to bridges where the current is stronger.