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MARC encodes information about a bibliographic item, not information about the content of that item; this means it is a metadata transmission standard, not a content standard. The actual content that a cataloger places in each MARC field is usually governed and defined by standards outside of MARC, except for a handful of fixed fields defined ...
MARC - MAchine Readable Cataloging – standards for the representation and communication of bibliographic and related information in machine-readable form. METS [31] Librarianship: Metadata Encoding and Transmission Standard is an XML schema for encoding descriptive, administrative, and structural metadata regarding objects within a digital ...
The Library of Congress' Network Development and MARC Standards Office, with interested experts, developed the Metadata Object Description Schema (MODS) in 2002 for a bibliographic element set that may be used for a variety of purposes, and particularly for library applications.
These standards are conventionally accepted as best practice and used globally by industry and organizations. In circumstances and situations there are certain methods and systems that are used as benchmarks, guidelines or protocols for communication , measurement , orientation , reference for information , science , symbols and time .
The full list appears in AACR2, with explanations and examples. Per machine-readable cataloging (MARC) standards, a General Material Designation term or phrase can be applied at different points in the catalog. Points of access include title, alternative titles, author and subject.
They are often used by libraries, archives, museums, and other cultural institutions to translate data to or from MARC standards, Dublin Core, Text Encoding Initiative (TEI), and other metadata schemes. For example, an archive has a MARC record in its catalog describing a manuscript.
The Metadata Encoding and Transmission Standard (METS) is a metadata standard for encoding descriptive, administrative, and structural metadata regarding objects within a digital library, expressed using the XML schema language of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C).
The 1981 version of the standard was titled Documentation—Format for bibliographic information interchange on magnetic tape. [3] The latest edition of that standard is ANSI/NISO Z39.2-1994 (R2016) [4] (ISSN 1041-5653). The ISO standard supersedes Z39.2. As of December 2008 the current standard is ISO 2709:2008. [1]